Abantu basebenzisa igama elithi "Avian" okuningi kunalokho ababekujwayele. Ukusetshenziswa kwegama kuye kwanda ngaphezu kwesikhathi kusukela lapho kusetshenziswe okokuqala ngo-1870. Kuvela ngegama lesiLatini elithi "ukunikeza" kusho inyoni. Futhi uma ucabanga ngakho yiyo impande yenye igama elivamile elisetshenziswa manje. Leli gama lithi "Ukuhamba kwezindiza." Yebo-ke ibhizinisi lokuhamba emoyeni ukuhweba imbonini enkulu manje futhi nokho igama elichaza ukuthi lenzani nokuthi yizindiza ezindizayo ezingathwala imithwalo noma abantu kuyisihloko esishisayo ezindabeni kanye njengebhizinisi elikhulu.
Ngokuyinhloko isetshenziselwa maqondana nazo zonke izinto "izinyoni." Ukunakekelwa kwezinyoni kubizwa ngokuthi "i-aviculture," elinye ukusetshenziswa kwelo gama, inyoni.
Yiqiniso izinyoni ziye zazungeze isikhathi eside kakhulu kunegama. Baqale bavela ku-theropod dinosaurs eminyakeni engaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-150 edlule kulokho okwamanje eChina.
Kodwa igama elithi invian lidlala indima enkulu ekutheni ibhekiswe kunoma yini enye. Izinyoni zihlukaniswa ngokweqile ngokobuchwepheshe bokuqala ezivela ekilasini lama-vertebrates ezizinyoni.
Inyoni ichazwa kalula ngoba ngokuyinhloko uma isilwane sinempaphe, ngempela iyinyoni. Inyoni empeleni iyilwane kuphela elinempaphe. Yilokho okuchaza ukuthi bangabomndeni, u- Aves, igama lesiLatini lezinyoni.
Kodwa yikuphi "i-Taxonomy?" I-Taxonomy, eyaziwa nangokuthi "i-nomenclature encane" eyindlela enhle yokuchaza indlela yesayense yokuhlukanisa izinyoni ngamaqembu noma imindeni nokuhlunga ubudlelwane babo komunye nomunye.
Isayensi yokuhlukaniswa kwezilwane zonke zaqala yiSweden ngegama likaCarolus Linnaeus, owayenesithakazelo esijulile ekuqondeni isimo semvelo, imvelo nokuzama ukuhlonza indlela isitshalo ngasinye nesilwane esakhelwe ngayo emhlabeni kanye nenhloso yakhe ukuze ufike ngeLatini elihle elisemthethweni lenyama yonke.
Ekuqaleni wayefuna ukufaka amaminerali kanye nezitshalo nezilwane, kodwa njengoba kwakungekho indlela yesayense noma ukubuka amadwala ngoba kwakungenayo i-microscope futhi akukho tafula lezici ezakhiweni zamakhemikhali ezazikhona ngaleso sikhathi. Ngakho uLinnaeus kwadingeka ashiye lo mqondo futhi agxile ezitshalweni nasezilwaneni njengendlela yakhe yodwa yokuqinisekisa ukufana nokuhlukana kulezi zinhlobo ezimbili zezinto eziphilayo kwakuwukuzibona ngamehlo.
I-Linnaeus ihlelwe ngegama elilodwa lokubiza amagama okuLatin, Yebo. Wazizwa ukuthi lesi simiso sezwi ezimbili singasetshenziswa kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lomzimba nanoma ngubani ozokwazi ukuqonda ukuthi yiziphi izinto owakhuluma ngazo nje ngegama. (Okungukuthi, uma isiLatini esisha.) Ekuqaleni igama libizwa ngokuthi "igama lesiLatini." Kodwa kusobala ukuthi kwakukhona ukukhononda ngezigaba futhi kunqunywe ukuthi leli gama libizwa ngokuthi "igama lesayensi." Isizathu kungenxa yokuthi abantu banikezwa ilungelo lokubiza noma yiziphi izinhlobo ezintsha, ukugcina amarekhodi ahlanzekile kulesi sihloko okuthiwa "abathengisi" babona ukuthi akuwona wonke amagama ayevela emlandweni wesiLatini. Ngakho igama elithi "igama lesayensi" laba yinto evamile.
Ngenkathi i-Linnaeus isungula ingxenye emibili ebiza uhlelo, isayensi ye-taxonomy iye yaqhubeka.
Kukhona manje izigaba eziyisikhombisa. Njengoba usho ngokucacile ngokucacile umzimba, amancane iqembu liba lize lifinyelele kulolo hlobo lwenyama ngezihlobo zalo. Lezo zigaba zithi: umbuso, i-phylum, isigaba, umyalelo, umndeni, uhlobo lwezinhlobo kanye nezinhlobo.
Ngamanye amazwi, isilwane ngasinye, kungaba yisitshalo noma isilwane siqala ngokuya embusweni omkhulu wezinto eziphilayo. Njengoba uqhubeka ucindezela phansi futhi uchaza ukuthi yini into ozama ukuyichaza, iqembu liba lincane futhi lincanyana njengoba labo abangahlobene nalesi sitho basuke bexoshiwe futhi behlukaniswe ngenxa yokungabi nobuhlobo.
Kodwa akayeki lapho. I-taxonomists ithola ngisho ne-pickier futhi yanquma ukuthi kunezinto ezifana nezinhlobo ezincane. Isibonelo esihle salokhu yi- African Grey Parrot. Igama lesayensi laleli nyoni elimangalisayo yi- Psittacus erithacus erithacus.
Ukuphindaphinda kokugcina kubangelwa ukuthi abakholelwa intela bakholelwa ukuthi i-Timneh i-parrot, i- Psittacus erithacus timneh ingokwezilwane ezifanayo. Kodwa bakholelwa ukuthi yizinhlobo ezincane ezivela ezinhlobonhlobo zokuqala ze- Psittacus erithacus . Kusobala ukuthi basalokhu beyixosha ngalokhu futhi baye babuya futhi bahamba izikhathi ezingapheli ngaphezu kokuthi i-Timne i-subspecies noma ifanelwe ukuhlukaniswa kwayo njengezinhlobo zezilwane. Sonke silinde umoya wokuphefumula ngokuya kwesinqumo sabo.
Ngakho-ke njengoba ungabona, igama le- avian linemlando ende kokubili emlandweni wesayensi, kwi-taxonomy kanye nemvelo ngokujwayelekile.
Ihlelwe ngu: Patricia Sund