I-Conundrum Yokugoma: Umhlahlandlela Wakho Emiphakathini Yokugoma I-Cat

Iminyaka yamuva yenze izingxoxo eziningi phakathi kwabahlengikazi bezilwane, ababelethi, nabanikazi bekati ngokubaluleka, ukuphepha, kanye nesidingo seminye imithi yokugoma. Amahemuhemu avela ehlangene neqiniso adala ukukhathazeka phakathi kwabathandi bekati: Ingabe ikati lami lidinga ngempela ukugonywa minyaka yonke? Ingabe imithi iyingozi nakakhulu kunokusizakala?

Ngagijima kulolu hlobo lwenkinga ngo-2015 lapho ngibhekene nokuhamba ngamamitha angu-2,600 ukusuka eCalifornia kuya eGeorgia, okudinga imithi yokugonywa yizinja kuzo zonke izinja namakati.

Imishanguzo yamaRabi nayo iyadingeka emazweni amaningi esasihamba nawo endleleni. Ngaleso sizathu, sasixoxisana nodokotela wezilwane othembekile, futhi ngokusekelwe kokufakwayo kwakhe, zonke izinkathi zethu zazigonyelwe izidakamizwa.

Ngeshwa, ayikho impendulo eyodwa ezosebenza kuwo wonke amakati, kodwa ngokuqonda okungcono kwamaqiniso, ungasebenzisa ne-veterinarian yakho siqu ukwenza uhlelo lokugoma olunikeza ukuvikeleka okuphephile kati lakho.

I-Vaccines ivikela kanjani ikati yami?

Imishanguzo ayifaki isivikelo esiyisimangaliso ngokumelene nezifo. Basebenza ngokukhohlisa umzimba ukuba bacabange ukuthi kusongelwa, ngaleyo ndlela kuvuselele isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela siqu ekukhiqizeni amakhemikhali ukulwa nomhlasela. Imishanguzo yenziwa kusuka kumagciwane abulawe noma amagciwane aqinisiwe (aguqulwa bukhoma noma i-MLV), futhi anganikezwa ngabanye, nakuba izinsimu ezithile zivame ukunikezwa njengeqembu (ezithintekayo), isib. "3-Way" noma i-FRCP.

Imithi ivame ukunikezwa umjovo, nakuba imishanguzo emisha ye-intranasal isakhiwe, okunconywa ukuthi iyatholakala kuphi.

Ngemuva kokuvakasha kokuqala kwe-vet, futhi "ukukhwabanisa," izibonelelo zinikeza amandla okuthuthukisa uhlelo lokuzivikela kwenkathi. Ngokwesiko, izilwane zezilwane ziye zacela abanikazi ukuba balethe amakati abo ukuze bavuseleleke minyaka yonke, kanye nokuhlolwa kwabo konyaka kahle, kodwa izikhathi zishintsha futhi izilwane eziningi zezilwane zihamba ngezinyanga ezintathu, ngaphandle kokunye.

Ngo-1996, ngenxa yokunyuka kokukhathazeka ngamathumba atholakalayo ezindaweni ezithile zokugoma, i-Vaccine-Associated Feline Sarcoma Task Force (VAFSTF), ehlanganisa abameli be-American Association of Feline Practitioners (AAFP), i-American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA), I-American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), kanye neVeterinary Cancer Society (VCS), abacwaningi, odokotela, nabamele uhulumeni, kwakhiwa ukutadisha lesi simo. Imiphumela yabo eshicilelwe ihlanganisa imithi ethile ngokuthi "Izifo Ezikhudlwana" (Kunconywa kakhulu kuwo wonke amakati). Esinye iqembu sasibhalwe njenge-" Non-Core and Not Generally Recommended ". Eziningi zalezi zitofu zokugcina zinconywa kuphela ngamakati "kakhulu engozini." Izivumelwano zokugoma zibuyekezwa njalo ngonyaka, futhi okutholakele okusha kukhishwa kumalungu e-AAFP namanye ama-ejensi okukhulunywe ngenhla. Ngesikhathi sokubhala lokhu, imihlahlandlela ka-2013 ishicilelwe ngefomethi ye-PDF.

I-VS iphile nge-HIV

Iningi lokugoma litholakala kunoma yiluphi uhlobo, futhi udokotela wakho wezilwane uzokwazi ukukhetha okufanelekile ekhatsini lakho, ngokusekelwe kumlando wakhe wezempilo. I-MLV ibonakala iyindlela okhethwa yizintandokazi zamanje, kodwa uzofuna ukuxoxa ngalolu daba ngokugcwele ne-veterinarian yakho.

• Imishanguzo Ephilayo Eshintshiwe (MLV): I-MLV ngokuyisisekelo yenza "umsebenzi ongcolile" wayo, ekukhohliseni umzimba ukuba ukholelwe ukuthi unomhlangi wangaphandle, ngakho-ke uyakhuthaza ukuthi udale ama-antibodies ngokumelene ne-antigen. Ama-MLV akholelwa ukuthi anika impendulo ye-immune ephakeme kakhulu kuneyatholakala kuma-virusi abulawe. Ukukhathazeka ukuthi amakati anesisindo somzimba sokuzivikela (iziguli ze-FIV noma ze-FeLV) angase ahlupheke ngesifo esibangelwa igciwane esuka ku-MLVs.
• Izitofu zokubulala: Izitofu ezibulawe zidinga umsizi ukugqugquzela ukuzivikela komzimba ekatini, ngakho-ke i-adjuvant yengezwa ukucasula isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela, ngaleyo ndlela igqugquzele ukudalwa kwamagciwane. Kuvela izinkinga ezimbili ngemigomo ebulawe
  Ngenxa yobungozi bokutheleleka okuhlobene nama-MLVs, kunconywa ukuthi amakati omzimba angatholakali athola imishanguzo ebulawe: (1) Awuphumelelanga njengama-MLV futhi azodinga "ukuqiniswa" kaningi futhi (2) abaxhasi baye baba yisisulu ukwanda kwe-VAS (i-Vaccine-Associated Sarcoma).

Imishanguzo Ye-Feline Ayinconywa Ngokwejwayelekile

Imigomo elandelayo iphakanyiswa kuphela ezimweni ezithile nge-AAFP:

• I-Chlamydiosis: Ngoba ukusabela okumbi emgodini wokugoma we-Chlamydia kwenzeka kaningi kunokusabela okubi kwesifo, futhi ngoba umgomo awuvimbeli ukutheleleka komtholampilo, kodwa ngenxa yezibonakaliso ezinzima, lo mgomo awukhuthazwa njalo. Imindeni enezinja eziningi, amathriji, noma ezinye izindawo lapho izifo ezihlobene ne-Chlamydiosis noma iConjunctivitis seziqinisekisiwe, zingabheka lo mgomo emva kokubonisana nodokotela wezilwane. Uma kubhekwa kufanelekile, ukuvuselelwa kabusha kwonyaka kunconywa.
• I-Feline Peritonitis Ephazamisayo (i-FIP): I- Feline Infectious Peritonitis yisifo esesabekayo, kodwa akuzona zonke izinkambu ezitholakalayo kuzokwetheleleka.Ukusetshenziswa komgogodla we-FIP kuye kwaba nokuphikisana. Imikhombandlela ye-AAFP ibonisa ukuthi njengoba okwamanje abanakho ubufakazi obanele bokuthi umgomo uvikela isivikelo esifanele emtholampilo, ukusetshenziswa kwawo akukhuthazwa.
• I-Bordetella: Okuvame ukutholakala ezinja, iBordetella (ikhwehlela yenja) itholakala ezindaweni zokuhlala kanye nezinye izindawo eziningi. Umuthi wokugoma osanda kuvunywa awukahlolwa ngokugcwele ngesikhathi sokuvikelwa kwawo, futhi akunconyelwe ukusetshenziswa komsebenzi, nakuba kungenziwa okwenziwe ezindaweni eziningi.
• I-Gardiasis: Omunye umuthi ovunyelwe kamuva we- Gardiasis awunconywa ukusetshenziselwa isimiso nge-AAFP, ngaphandle uma ukuvezwa kubalulekile emtholampilo (isib. Izindawo eziningi zamathambo).

Okunye Ukugonywa Okungavunyelwe

• Amakati abagulayo, amakati anesifo esingelapheki, njenge- hyperthyroidism , i- asthma , ukwehluleka kwezintuthwane ezingapheli , kanye / noma amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka akufanele agonywe.
• Xhumana nodokotela wakho wezilwane ngaphambi kokugoma ikati ethola ukwelashwa kwe-cortisone.
• Amakati angama-geriatric (iminyaka engu-10 +) ayidingi imithi yokugonywa kodwa kunokuba ahlolwe iziqu phakathi nezivivinyo zabo zonyaka.
• Amakhunjini ayinconywa ama-kittens angaphansi kwamasonto ayisithupha, ngaphandle kwezimo ezimbi (izintandane ezintandane, noma ama-kittens endaweni engozini kakhulu.

• Eminye imithi ikholelwa ukuthi ibangela ukubeletha kwamakhosikazi abakhulelwe.

Kuthiwani Mayelana Ne-Sarcoma Ehlobene Ne-Vaccine?

Kuningi okushicilelwe mayelana ne-sarcoma ehlobene nokugoma emakati, ikakhulukazi kwi-Intanethi. Lokhu kuphazamiseka kuvame ukuvela ngenxa yama-rabies noma ngokuvamile imishanguzo ye-FeLV. UDkt. Greg Ogilvie waseColorado State University, enkulumweni ye-fibrosarcomas ekwenziwe ngamagciwane emakati, wachaza ukuxhumana okukhona nokusetshenziswa kwe-aluminium eminye imithi yokugoma. UDkt. Ogilvie uphinde wathi kukhona ubufakazi bokuthi ikati kumele libe nesimiso sokukhiqiza izakhi ukuze kuthuthukiswe isisu, okungenzeka ukuthi ilandele ukungabi khona kwemiphumela (3 kuya ku-10 kuya ku-1 ku-1 000 amakati). Ngenxa yobunzima ekwenzeni ubuhlobo obucacile, ngo-1996, i-AVMA yakha i-Vaccine-Associated Feline Sarcoma Task Force ukutadisha ubukhulu beqiniso le nkinga, isizathu esiqondile, kanye nokwelashwa okuphumelelayo kwe-sarcomas ehlobene nokugoma. Ukuthola kwabo kungafundwa kwiwebhusayithi ye-AVMA.

I-FeLV Vaccine

Ngenxa yokungathí sina kwalesi sifo esibulalayo ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi ngenxa yokuthi ukugoma kwe-FeLV nakho kuthatha izingozi ze-VAS, iziqondiso ezikhethekile zikhishwe kulo mgomo. Lesi sifo sidluliselwa ngemfihlo yamathambo namasongo, ngokushaya, ukwabelana izitsha zokudla, nokunye okuxhumana naye. Wonke amakati kufanele ahlolwe lesi sifo okungenani kanye ngesikhathi sokuphila kwawo, futhi nganoma yisiphi esinye isikhathi lapho kungenzeka ukuthi ayexhumana nekati elithathelelekile. Amakati amasha endlini kumele ahlolwe njalo ngaphambi kokusungulwa kwemvelo. Wonke amakati anesimo esihle sokuhlola ukuhlolwa kwe-ELISA kufanele ahlukaniswe namanye amakati.

Umuthi awukhuthazwa njalo, kepha kunconywa kuwo wonke amakati angaphandle-ngaphandle, nanoma yimaphi amanye amakati abhekwa "engozini." Kulezo zimo, kufanele zinikezwe ngonyaka, ngokusho kwemihlahlandlela ye-AAFP. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yengozi ye-sarcoma ehlobene nokugoma, imihlahlandlela ekhethekile yendawo yokugoma ikhishwe yonke imithi yokunconywa:

• Amagundane: Emlenzeni onemuva ongemuva
• I-FeLV: Umlenze wangemuva ongakwesokunxele
• I-Panleukopenia, i-herpesvirus ye-feline Mina, i-feline calicivirus (noma indlela engu-3): Isifunda sangaphambili sangaphambili (ihlombe)

Ukucabanga ngemuva kwalokhu, okungajabulisayo njengoba kungase kuzwakale, kungukuthi isisu se-VAS emlenzeni singaphathwa ngukukhishwa, ukuvumela amakati abathintekayo ukuba asinde. Amakati aguquguqukayo futhi ngokuvamile avumelana ngokushesha ngokuhamba ngezinyawo ezintathu.

Ukwesaba mayelana nokutholakala kwezicubu ezibangelwa igciwane kuye kwaholela abaningi abanikazi bekati, ikakhulukazi abalimi, ukuba banqabe ukugonywa kwe-FeLV ngamakati abo. Okwamanje asikho i-USDA ejwayelekile yemishanguzo ye-FeLV, ngakho-ke ukukala ukuthi ukusebenza kwemithi kunzima. Abaningi bezilwane bezilwane balinganisa ukuthi ukusebenza kungaba phakathi kuka-75-85%, okubolekisa abanikazi bekati isizathu sokuphika umgomo. Ngomuntu siqu, ngingathanda ukufaka ingozi engozini engu-1 000 ye-sarcoma ehlobene nokugoma ngokumelene nenengozi engu-25% yokuthi ukugoma kwe-FeLV ngeke kusebenze. I-FeLV yisifo esinjalo esibulalayo futhi kulula ukudluliselwa kalula ukuthi angifuni ukubeka izimpilo zamakati ami ngokumelene nesondo lesibalo samasondo.

Kodwa-ke, njengoba amakati ami abhekwa "engozini," ngoba omdala kunesikhathi esingaphandle kwe-kitty, isinqumo sasiyinto elula kimi kanye nodokotela wami wezilwane. Abantu abanezinkathi ezingaphakathi bangase bafune ukucabangela ukuqeda lokhu kugonywa, ngemuva kokuxoxisana ngenzuzo kanye nokuziqhakambisa nodokotela wabo wezilwane, kodwa ukuhlolwa kufanele kwenziwe noma nini lapho amakati abo ehlangana namanye amakati "osolwa".

I-vaccine ye-FIV

Lokhu kugonywa, okuvunyelwe ukudayiswa yi-FDA ngo-Mashi 14, 2002, kuhlangene nokuphikisana nokuphikisana phakathi kokubili wezilwane nezilwane, ngezizathu eziningana.

Imithi Yokunciphisa Amathambo

Ngokwesiko, ama-kittens anikezwe "umuthi wokugoma ongu-3," oqukethe amanxusa ngokumelene ne-feline calicivirus, i-herpesvirus ne-feline panleukopenia (FRCP), bonke abanikezwa "ekudubula" okulodwa. Lezi zibhekwa njenge "core" imithi futhi zibalulekile kuwo wonke amakati. Indlela yokugoma engama-4, enezela i-Chlamydia itholakale, ngoba amakati angengozi yokuthola lesi sigameko (ikakhulukazi abonisa amakati.)

Ukuphikisana ngokwemithi eminingi yokugoma kuvame ukufutheka njengengxoxo ngokubhekisisa ukuthi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukugoma noma cha. Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuthi izingozi ezinomsoco ezinemithi eminingi efana nezo zinezigqila. Abanye bangavumelani.

Nakuba i-VAFSTF ne-AAFP isetshenziselwa ukufaka umgomo wokugonywa kwe-FRCP, angizange ngithole lutho kunoma yiziphi izivumelwano zabo ukukhombisa ukuvunywa noma ukungavunyelwa. Njengoba ngisho nochwepheshe bezokwelapha bengavumelani, kunzima ukuthi umuntu obambe iqhaza athathe izimpendulo ezifanele ekatini lakhe. Ngempela, ukufingqwa kwe-VAFSTF kusho, "Ukugonywa kufanele kubhekwe njengendlela yokwelapha, hhayi isimiso. Kodwa-ke, lo msebenzi awunayo idatha eyanele yokuhlola ngokunembile ingozi ehambisanayo yokuphatha umgomo othile noma i-antigen ekati ngalinye. "

Isikhathi Sokugonywa Kwamathambo Ngesikhathi

Ngaphambi kokwenza noma yisiphi isinqumo mayelana nokugodlwa kwemigomo ephakanyisiwe, kuphakanyiswa ukuthi wenze umsebenzi wesikole. Ungayisebenzisi lesi sihloko noma yimuphi omunye indaba oyedwa njengesisekelo sesinqumo, kodwa funda imibono eminingi ehlukahlukene njengoba ungayithola. Lesi sihloko asihloselwe ukuphendula ngokucacile noma yimiphi imibuzo, kodwa ukukhuthaza umfundi ukuba enze ucwaningo lwakhe siqu. Kukhona okuningi okumele kufundwe mayelana nokugoma kanye nokuqeda ukugoma futhi ngithinte kuphela isihloko se-iceberg.

Okubalulekile, njengoba njalo, ukuthi lezi yizinkinga okufanele uxoxe ngazo nodokotela wakho wezilwane ekunqumeni ukuthi yimiphi imigomo ikati lakho eliyidingayo nokuthi livame kangakanani. Yonke indlu iyahlukahluka, futhi isinqumo sinomuntu siqu, okwenziwe ngendlela enolwazi kunokuba kube ngenxa yamahemuhemu nokwesaba. Kunoma yikuphi, uma wena nodokotela wakho wezilwane uvuma ukuyeka uhlelo lokugoma waminyaka yonke, qiniseka ukuthi usathatha ikati lakho okungenani kanye ngonyaka ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa kahle kwekhanda kanye nokuhlanzwa kwamazinyo okudingekayo, kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-titer, uma lokho kuhlelo.