Amathangi wePet Salamanders ne-Newts

Ama-Salamanders kanye nezintuthwane zinezikhumba ezibucayi futhi ezinamahloni futhi zithinteka kakhulu ekushintsheni kwendawo yazo. Uma ubeka itanki kulezi zinyama, zama ukuxosha indawo yemvelo yezinhlobo ze- salamander noma i- newt , futhi uqinisekise ukuthi izinga lemvelo libhekwa ngokucophelela futhi ligcinwe ngokucophelela.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zamathangi ezigcwele ama-salamanders kanye nezintsha: ezizweni zasemhlabeni, emanzini nasemanti.

Ulwazi lapha lukhulu kakhulu; izinhlobo zokunakekelwa kwezinhlobo zezilwane kufanele zibonisane ngezidingo ezithile zemvelo (amazinga okushisa, njll).

I-Tank Terrestrial (Land)

Lezi zihlelwe ukuze ziqhathanise imvelo ehambelana nama-salamanders asekhaya. Lolu hlobo lwe-terrarium kufanele luhlinzekele izindawo zokukhanya okumnyama nokumnyama, okumanzi ngamaqabunga noma emasimini, nezindawo zokuhlala ezenziwe ngamadwala amafomu noma izingodo ezincane. Umswakama owanele kufanele ugcinwe kanye nama-retreats amanzi. Ngokuvamile, ama-moss angakwazi ukugcina amanzi anele ukuze anikeze izidingo zobuncitshisi / umswakama we-salamanders zasemhlabeni. Amanzi angaphinde anikezwe esitsheni esingenalutho njengomthombo wamanzi nokusiza ukugcina umswakama. Kodwa-ke, izilwane zasemhlabeni akuzona abagijimi abanamandla ukuze amanzi angabi nakancane, futhi ukubeka amatshe noma izinti emanzini kuzosiza umlayezo ukuba ungangeni enkingeni (futhi uzovimbela nanoma yiziphi izinambuzane ezidlayo njengezinkamba ezivela emanzini).

Ikhava elivikelekile kufanele lisetshenziswe; ikhava ehlolwe isiza nge-ventilation, kodwa phezulu kungadingeka ukuthi kuhlanganiswe ukuze kugcinwe umswakama obalulekile.

I-Substrate ingaba inhlanganisela yenhlabathi neye-moss, noma i-pey and sphagnum moss nje. Uhlaka lwegridi lungasetshenziswa ukuhambisa phansi kwetangi. Ezinye izinhlobo zizosebenzisa inhlabathi yokugubha, futhi ukuxuba ama-peat moss emhlabathini kuzokusiza ukuvimbela ukupakisha kwenhlabathi futhi kwandise amandla ayo okugcina umswakama.

Khumbula lapho udala imvelo ye-terrarium ukuthi i-substrate izodinga ukuguqulwa njengoba ihlambulukile, futhi ukusekwa okulukhuni kakhulu kuyasungulwa. Ngezinhlobo ezinkulu noma amaqembu ama-salamanders kuzodingeka ukuba zihlanzwe njalo.

Amashalo angadalwa ngamadwala (yenza amathole amancane), izingcezu zobumba zobumba, noma izingcezu zokhuni noma amagxolo. Ama-salamanders angaphandle komhlaba aphephile futhi azochitha isikhathi esiningi ngaphansi kwesiphephelo. Ngakho-ke, ukubeka izindlu zokuhlala ezihlala endaweni ye-tank ukuze ukwazi ukuwagcina ngeglasi. Ngokwezinhlobo ezifihliwe kakhulu, iphepha elimnyama elidluliselwe egumbini lizohlinzeka ubumfihlo obudingekayo, futhi lungasuswa maduze ukubuka umlayezo.

I-semi-aquatic

Lolu hlobo lokusetha luhlanganisa izakhi zasemhlabeni nezamanzi. Indawo yendawo lapho i-newt ingakwazi khona ukushintshela endaweni emanzini okungaba yimbi kakhulu. Indawo yendawo ingahle ibekwe ngokufaka izigubhu kanye namanzi angaphezu kwezinga lamanzi, kodwa kulula esikhathini eside ukuhlukanisa izindawo zomhlaba kanye namanzi ngeplastiki noma i-plexiglass efakwe ngaphesheya kwe-aquarium futhi ifakwe nge-aquarium grade abicah sealant.

Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona ukuguqulwa okulula okuvela emanzini kuya emhlabathini ukuvumela i-newt ukuba iqhume. Uhlaka olunezinkuni (isib. Ironwood, coralwood, izinkuni zezinkukhu) lungenziwa ingxenye yamanzi futhi ingxenye ethile emhlabathini ukuhlinzeka ngokuguquguquka, futhi lokhu kunikeza indawo enhle kakhulu. Ngenye indlela, igrafu ingafakwa emanzini ohlangothini lwamanzi ukuhlinzeka ngamanzi emanzini. Engxenyeni yamanzi, igrafu kufanele ibe mkhulu ngokwanele ukuthi ingagwinywa, futhi kufanele ihlanganiswe futhi ibusheleleke ukuvimbela umonakalo wesikhumba.

Kufanele kuhlinzekwe ikhava elivikelekile njengoba amanye ama-salamanders kanye nezintuthwane zingakhwela ngokumangalisayo kahle.

I-Aquatic

Ama-aquarium asetshenziselwa izinhlobo zezilwandle (njenge- axolotl ), futhi anikeze inselela enkulu ngenxa yemali yama-salamanders ama-waste, nokuzwela kwabo ekushintsheni kwimvelo yabo.

I-Salamanders ayinaki i-ammonia enhlobonhlobo yayo, futhi emaphandleni lokhu kudoti kuhlanjululwe ngokushesha futhi kuthathwe isikhumba somkhuhlane. E-aquarium, umlayezo usuke uboshwe ngemfucuza, futhi kunzima ukugcina amanzi ahlanzekile ngokwanele ukugcina umlayezo uphilile.

Isinyathelo sokuqala ukugcina umlayezo esitokisini esikhulu kunazo zonke ukuhlinzeka nge-dilution. Isihlungi esihle samandla kufanele sisetshenziswe ngezinhlobo ezinamanzi amakhulu - ama-salamanders amaningi emanzini angakwazi ukubekezelela izimpande ezinamandla kodwa kodwa qinisekisa ukuthi okwamanje akunamandla kakhulu. Igrafu ingasetshenziswa, kodwa itangi elinomhlabathi ongenalutho kulula ukulondoloza nokuphepha. Igrafu elincanyana kakhulu lingasetshenziswa, futhi ngegrivel enkulu, ukudla kungase kuphele phakathi kwamatshe.

Ngaphandle kokuhlunga, izinguquko zamanzi (okuyingxenye) yindlela engcono kakhulu yokugcina ikhwalithi yamanzi .

Uhlobo Lwamanzi?

Abanye ochwepheshe batusa ukusebenzisa amanzi entwasahlobo ( hhayi distilled ) emakethe okuthengiswa ngamabhizinisi ukuze asebenzise izindlu ze-amphibians. Amanzi okupompi kufanele aphuluke njalo ngamaphilisi noma isisombululo, noma ashiye okungenani amahora angu-24 ngaphambi kokungeza ku-aquarium ukuvumela i-chlorine eyengeziwe ukuba ihlakazeke. Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi emvula kuyamukeleka uma nje kuhlolwe i-pH efanele - ngokuvamile kuvame kakhulu. Amanzi e-Pond angagwenywa kangako - angangcoliswa ngokungcola noma izidumbu ezingaphazamisa ama-amphibians abathunjiwe.

Izihlungi

Ngaphansi kwezihlungi ze-gravel zisebenza kahle ekusetheleni okubandakanya igravel, kusukela lapho isungulwe zisekela ama-bacteria azuzayo aguqulela i-ammonia ezingeni elingenalutho. Lolu hlobo lokuhlunga lungasetshenziswa nasemachibini angajulile kakhulu, ngisho nalawo asetshenziswe ezindaweni zasemhlabeni. Futhi banenzuzo yokungazakheli izimpande ezinamandla, ezingabangela izinkinga ezincane ezinhlobo. Ngenxa yokuthi imfucumfucu idonselwa emgodini ngalesi simiso igravel kuzodingeka ihlanzwe (isb. Nge-washer yamatshe) njalo.

Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinye izinhlobo zezihlungi ezitholakalayo eziphinde zisebenze. Izihlungi zekhoneni zangaphakathi nezimpompo zomoya zangaphandle nazo ziyizikhethelo ezinhle kuma-salamanders amancane ngoba angakha ama-currents aqinile futhi aphinde amise i-ammonia enenzuzo yokuguqula amabhaktheriya.

Noma nini lapho umshini uguqulwa, engeza okuthile okuhlungwayo okusetshenziselwa ukushayela ukushayela ukoloni lwamabhaktheriya amahle. Ezinye zezihlungi ezinamandla ezifana nezihlungi zangaphandle cishe zigcinwe kahle ezinhlotsheni ezinkulu ezingeke zigxilwe yimifudlana eqinile yamanzi.

Amoniya

I-Amoniya yinto engcolile eyayidonswa ama-amphibians (nezinye izilwane, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo eziphila emanzini) eziyingozi uma zivunyelwe ukuqoqa endaweni yazo. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela ukuqoqwa kwe-ammonia ukusebenzisa i-filtration eyanele nokufaka amanzi esikhundleni (hhayi nje ukufaka amanzi, kodwa ukukhipha nokwengeza ngaphezulu). Ama-20-25% wamanzi kufanele atshintshwe masonto onke noma njalo ngesonto (ungase ufune ukuthola i-ammonia kit kit test ukuze ubone ukuthi amazinga ammonia okusheshayo athola kanjani). Ngisho noma ukuguqula emathonjeni angcolile ukuhlanza amanzi , kwenze kancane kancane, njengoba ukushaqeka kokushintsha kwamakhemikhali kwamanzi kungaba yingozi nanoma ngabe kungcono kakhulu kumgangatho wamanzi jikelele (ungalokothi wenze ushintsho lwamanzi ogcwele!).

i-pH ne-Quality Water

Ngokuvamile, ama-salamanders enza kahle kakhulu nge- pH (isilinganiso se-asidi) ka-6.5 kuya ku-7.5, emanzini nasemhlabathini. Okufanelekile, uma ukuqoqa ama-salamanders asendle, thola i-pH yenhlabathi namanzi endaweni bese ufanisa ukuthi i-pH iyathunjwa. Ukukhishwa kwe-pH kunika ukulinganisa okusheshayo nokulula, futhi imvelo kufanele ihlolwe ngezikhathi ezithile njengoba i-pH izoshintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nokukhiqizwa kwemfucuza njll. Uma uhambisa i-amphibian endaweni entsha ne-pH ehlukile kufanele yenziwe kancane kancane.

Uma umlayezo ugxilile ngenxa ye-pH engalungile kuyobe ihlelekile, ihambela ezindaweni ezingavamile, futhi ekugcineni iyoba yi-lethargic futhi iyancipha ithoni ye-muscle.

Ukushisa

Ama-salamanders amaningi avela emazingeni ahlanzekile agcinwa kahle ekushiseni okuphansi kwama-50-70 F ngakho ukushisa akusikhathazi ngaphandle kokugcina izinhlobo ezincane ezishisayo noma ezishisayo. Ngokuvamile indawo engaphansi yindawo enhle yokugcina ama-salamanders.

Kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, ukupholisa kungadingeka. Ukupholisa isikhathi eside kungase kube nzima (abanye abantu basebenzise izindlela zokusebenzisa amanzi amnandi ngethangi), futhi kungcono kakhulu ukuzama ukumisa amathangi lapho izinga lokushisa elihlala khona lihlala lipholile ngokwanele ukugcina amathangi apholile. Ukumoya umoya ikamelo amathangi angaphakathi angasetshenziswa uma kunesidingo. Ukuze uthole ukuphefumula isikhathi esifushane, ungenza njalo ushintsho lwamanzi angama-20-25% ngamanzi aphuzi kancane, uthabhise amabhodlela amancane amanzi e-ice tank, noma wenze ama-ice cubes aphume emathanjeni (okwenziwe ngamanzi) ukufaka itanki njengoba kudingekile isimo sezulu esishisayo.

Uma kudingekile ukushisa okungeziwe, i-hemer submersible ingasetshenziswa emathangi emanzini. Ezinye izindlela zokushisa ezinjengokukhanyisa kwe-incandescent, ngaphansi kwama-heaters tank, noma ezinye izifudumezi zezokuhweba kufanele zisetshenziswe ngokuqapha ngoba zingabe zoma kakhulu ama-amphibians.

Ukukhanya

Uma amathangi agcinwa engaphansi, kungcono ukuwagcina eduze kwefasitela ukuze kugcinwe imijikelezo yemvelo yonyaka. Lelizinga lokukhanya lihle kakhulu kwezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane. Uma ngabe izitshalo eziphilayo zisetshenziselwa ithangi, noma kunjalo, umthombo ogcwele wokukhanyisa i-spectrum udinga izitshalo, futhi kungcono ukulinganisa imijikelezo yemvelo yokukhanya kwalowo myalelo. Kukhethwa ukukhanya okuphansi kwe-wattage fluorescent uma ukukhanya kudingekile ngoba iningi lama-salamanders nezintuthwane zikhetha izimo ezimnyama (futhi izibani kufanele zibe ngamahora angama-10-12 ngosuku) futhi izibani zingase zome.

Ukuhlanza

Ukuhlanza kubalulekile, kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuzwela kwamaphilisi (namanye ama-amphibians) amakhemikhali emvelweni. Ngaphandle uma kunenkinga yezempilo, amanzi ashisayo ashisayo angasetshenziswa ukuhlanza ama-aquarium nezinto ezise-aquariums. Ukuvumela amathangi nempahla yomele elangeni nakho kuyasiza. Izinto ezintsha kufanele zihlolwe ngokucophelela ngezinambuzane noma izinto zokubola, zihlanzwe futhi zomiswe ngaphambi kokungeza emgodini. Amatshe kanye nezinye izinto ezingenabungozi zingagxila kwisisombululo se-bleach futhi zihlanjwe ngokuphelele. Ama-disinfectants ezentengiselwano kufanele agwenywe, njengoba kungase kube nzima ukuhlanza zonke izinsalela futhi kuthatha ukuvezwa okuncane kakhulu kwamakhemikhali athile ukulimaza kakhulu noma ukubulala umlayezo. Kumele kugwenywe ikakhulukazi ngezinsimbi eziyingozi njengezinkuni, njengoba nanoma yiziphi izinsalela zingakwazi ukuchitha isikhathi futhi zibulale umlayezo.