Iziphazamisi zenye ifomu noma enye zikhona yonke indawo emhlabeni. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi olwandle lwamazwe ngakho-ke liyiqiniso emanzini asemanzini anosawoti. Elinye lama-parasite avame kakhulu emanzini anosawoti e-aquarium yi- Cryptocaryon irritans (i-Cryptocaryon) ebizwa ngokuthi i-ciliated, i-protozoan parasite edala isifo esaziwa ngokuthi yi-marine "ich" noma isifo se-"white spot" esifundeni sezinhlanzi zasolwandle zasendle.
I-Cryptocryon ithinta izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi kodwa kubonakala sengathi zande kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezithile.
I-Crytocaryon irritans inezigaba ezine ezihlukene empilweni yayo. I-Theronts yisiteji lapho kutholakala khona ama-tomit mahhala , akhishwe kuma-cysts azo ahlala phansi (noma i-aquarium substrate), afaka esikhunjeni noma emigqumeni yezinhlanzi ezithintekayo. Lawa ma- tomite agibela esikhunjeni noma emigqumeni futhi azifake e-cyst evikelayo lapho edla khona emzimbeni wamanzi kanye namaseli. Ama- tomite angaphila ngaphandle komngane kuleli qembu phakathi kwezinsuku eziyishumi neshumi nanye. Kule nkathi, eziningi zokwelapha eziphezulu ze- Top Ich & Other External Fish Parasite zitholakale ziyindlela yokwelapha ephumelelayo.
Amantombazane asondla ngalokhu kulesi sigaba asezindaweni ze- trophont . Ezilingo ezilawulwayo, ama-parasite asele ezinhlakeni zezinhlanzi noma ngaphansi kwesikhumba ngezinyanga ezingu-4-5 emazingeni okushisa aphansi (12 ° C (53.6 ° F), bese esungulwa futhi enesifo kwezinye izinhlanzi lapho izinga lokushisa kwamanzi liphakanyiselwa ku-27 ° C (80.6 ° F).
Ama- tomite , ngenkathi ehlanganiswe ngaphakathi kwezinhlanzi noma ngaphansi kwesikhumba, angalokothi akwazi ukuphatha kahle ngamakhemikhali, noma kunjalo, ukuqubuka kwamanzi ahlanzekile kuye kwaziwa ngokuthi " kuqhuma " amathumbu ngenkathi "ku" isikhumba senhlanzi ngaphambi kokuba kube nethuba ungena esikhunjeni sezinhlanzi noma ezigayini. Ukwehla kwamanye amazwe kuye kwaboniswa nokuthi kuyindlela yokwelapha ephumelelayo.
I- trophont idla izikhukhula zomzimba namaseli ezinhlanzi ngezinsuku ezingaba ngu-3-7 ngaphambi kokushiya umphathi. Kuye kwafunyanwa ukuthi ama- trophonts azoshiya ngenhlanzi abafayo, noma kunjalo, abangeke bakwazi ukuthelela ezinye izinhlanzi kuleli phuzu njengoba zidinga isikhathi esengeziwe sokuthuthukisa kusuka ku- protomonts (ama- tomites akhishwe) kuma- tomonts , njengoba nje angathanda uma wayeshiye umphathi ophilayo.
Kuleli phuzu, i- tomit iya emgodini we-substrate amahora amabili kuya kwezingu-18 lapho ibamba khona phezulu futhi i-encysts, lapho iphenduka khona i- tomont Kuleli qophelo, ngaphambi kokuba iqede ama-encystment (amahora angu-8 kuya ku-12), ivulekile ekwelapheni okuphumelelayo . Uma i-cyst isungule ngokuphelele i- tomont encasisiwe ayitholakali ukwelashwa.
I- tomont encysted ihlukanisa izikhathi eziningi kuleli phuzu, ikhiqiza indodakazi eningi (cishe 100 kuya ku-1000). Lezi zinhlanzi zikhishwa njengezintambo , indawo yokubhukuda yamahhala lapho ingaba khona khona ezinye izinhlanzi. Izintambo zingathatha izinsuku ezingu-72 ukuze zikhishwe emanzini kanti iningi likhishwe phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-5 kuya kwezingu-13 ngemuva kokwakheka. Ezifundweni zebholaryat, uJoshinaga noDickerson (1994) bathi, iziqhingi zakhishwa kuphela phakathi kwamahora ka-2: 00 ekuseni nangehora lesishiyagalolunye ekuseni, ngisho nasebumnyameni; abanye basikisela ukuthi leli qhinga landisa amathuba okubamba izintambo ukuze bathole umlindi, izinhlanzi eziningi zingahle ziphumule noma zisondele ukuze zenzeke ngaphansi kwalesi sikhathi.
Ngemuva kokukhululwa, iziqhingi zifuna ngenhlanzi inhlanzi futhi zingasinda kule ndawo amahora angu-6 kuya ku-8. Ngalesi sikhathi, i- front of the world iyakwazi ukwelashwa.
Uma isiqephu sendawo sithola indawo yokuhlala, kuthatha amaminithi angu-5 kuphela ukuba siguquke esikhumbeni kanti ngesikhathi sokuhlasela kwegill, i-parasite ingafakwa ungqimba oluthile lwamaseli ngaphakathi kwamaminithi angu-20-30. Kuleli phuzu, umjikelezo uqala futhi.
Uma izidumbu zishiye umlindi, ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya kuvamile kakhulu kumasayithi lapho izidumbu zingene khona futhi zishiya isikhumba nezinhlanzi zezinhlanzi.