Kunezifo ezimbalwa ezesabisa abantu ngaphezu kwabanye uma igama labo likhulunywa futhi i-psittacosis ngeshwa omunye wabo. Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-parrot fever noma i-chlamydiosis ye-avian, i-psittacosis yisifo se- zoonotic esingatholakala ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zezinyoni zezilwane, kuhlanganise nama- macaws nama-parakeets, futhi zisakazeka kalula.
Iyini i-Psittacosis?
I-Psittacosis yisifo esithinta izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-400 zezinyoni nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo.
Ibangelwa yi-bacterium Chlamydophila psittaci, i-Chlamydophila avium, noma i- Chlamydophila gallinacea (kodwa amanye amagciwane acatshangelwa ukuthi nawo abangela lesi sifo) futhi idluliselwa kusuka ezinyoni kuya enyoni noma ezinyoni kwezinye izilwane ezincelisayo (kubandakanya abantu) ngezinyoni ezinesifo. C. i-psittaci yi-bacterium evame ukubonwa e-ps psacacines njengezilwanyana futhi ijwayele ukutholakala.
Izinyoni Zithola Kanjani I-Psittacosis?
Inyoni akudingeki ixhumane nenye inyoni eye isuselwe enye yezinhlobo zebhaktheriya ezenza i-psittacosis ukuze ithole, kodwa lena yindlela elula yokuyithola. Bangakwazi futhi ukuxhumana nomuntu noma into eye yaxhumana nenyoni enegciwane. Amafomite ezitsheni zokudla nezamanzi, izinhlayiya ezivela emoyeni, izimpaphe, izinhlanzi nezinye izinto eziye zathintana nenyoni ene psittacosis zingaphazamisa izinyoni ezinempilo. Ukuba ekamelweni elilodwa ne-ventilation empofu njengenyoni enegciwane kungabangela nokuthi inyoni yakho yezilwane ithole.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-Psittacosis ezindizeni?
Ezinyoni, i-psittacosis idala izimpawu ezihlukahlukene kodwa ingabuye ingabonakali futhi ihlale ilele ngaphakathi kwenyoni. Izinyoni eziphethwe yi-Psittacosis azibonakali (zingabonakali izimpawu) aze zicindezeleke futhi zibangele amehlo okuzikhukhumeza nokuvuvukala (conjunctivitis), ukuphelelwa amandla, i-anorexia nokulahlekelwa isisindo, izimpaphe ezihluthulelwe, ukukhishwa kwamanzi kanye nesibindi esandisiwe.
Kungabangela nesifo sohudo nezinkinga zokuphefumula kwezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni. Izinyoni ezithintekile ekungeneni kwe-bacterium (hlangana nenyoni enegciwane noma into) izobonisa izimpawu ngemuva kwezinsuku ezintathu. Abathwali be-bacterium bangagula noma kunini.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-Psittacosis kuma-Mammals?
Ezilwaneni ezincelisayo, i-psittacosis ngokuvamile ibangela izinkinga zokuzala ezifana nokukhubazeka kanye nama-placentas abilayo nezinkinga zokuphefumula ezifana ne-pneumonia, ukukhwehlela, nokwanda kwezinga lokuphefumula. Kubuye kwabikwa ukuthi kubangela izinkinga ezifanayo zamehlo njengoba kuyenziwa ezinyoni, ukukhubazeka, umkhuhlane kanye nokuphuma komzimba.
I-Psittacosis ingaba yingozi ezilwaneni ezingaphenduliwe ezibonisa izimpawu kodwa eziningi zinzima. Izimpawu ezihlukahlukene zingabonisa nezinye izinhlobo zezifo, ngakho kunzima ukuxilonga i-psittacosis ngokubheka izimpawu zodwa.
Ungayibona Kanjani I-Psittacosis Inyoni Yakho?
Njengoba izimpawu ze-psittacosis zingabonakala njengezinye izifo ezinhlobonhlobo zezinyoni, ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kuyadingeka ukuze kutholakale ukuthi kukhona i- psittaci . I-Histology (ebheka izicubu ngaphansi kwe-microscope), ukutholakala kwama-nucleic acid nama-antigens, ukuhlola okuhlukahlukene kwe-serological, kanye namasiko angase anconywe yi-vet yizinyoni zezilwane ukuze zihlolwe izinyoni zakho nge-psittacosis.
Ngezinye izikhathi kunesidingo esingaphezu kwesisodwa esidingekayo.
I-bacterium ingatholakala ezindaweni eziningana ezinyoni zakho kuhlanganise indwangu, isibindi, amaphaphu, izinso, ipeni, ama-excretions avela emehlweni, i-choana, i-cloaca, ngisho nezicubu ezihlanganisa inhliziyo ebizwa ngokuthi i-pericardium. Izinyoni ezithola izimpawu ze-psittacosis kulula ukuthola ukuthi kunezinyoni ezingabonakali izimpawu zesifo. Ngezinye izikhathi amasampuli amaningi ama-fecal kufanele ahlolwe ukuze athole ibhethri, ikakhulukazi ezinyoni ezithwala izithwala kuphela hhayi ezigula kakhulu.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezinyoni ezivame ukutheleleka nge-Psittacosis?
Izinhlobo zezinyoni zezilwane ezivame ukutheleleka ziyizinhlobo zomndeni we-psittacine (ngokuvamile obizwa ngokuthi ama-parrots). Lezi zihlanganisa ama-macaws, ama- budgerigars (ama-parakeets) , ama-cockatiel, ama-parrots ama-Amazon, ama-cockatoos, ama-lories, ama-gray ase-Afrika, ama-lovebirds, nama- conures .
Amajuba amajuba abuye aphethwe yi-psittacosis njengamadada asezilwane. Amakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo zezinyoni nazo ziyatholakala kulesi sifo kuhlanganise nezinyoni zasendle.
Ingabe Kukhona Ukwelashwa Kwe-Psittacosis?
Ngokujabulisayo kukhona ukwelashwa kwe-psittacosis. Izinyoni ezingaba ngu-50% kuthiwa ziyafa ngenxa yalokhu ukutheleleka uma kungashiywa ingelashwa kepha imithi elwa namagciwane ngokuvamile iphumelele ekuphatheni. Njengoba izinyoni zingenakuthola ngokuphepha zonke izinhlobo ezifanayo zama-antibiotic njengezinye izilwane, zivame ukushiwo i-doxycycline, i-antibiotic ekilasini le-tetracycline yezidakamizwa, izinsuku ezingu-45 zokuphatha lesi sifo. Uma inyoni yakho ingenayo i- C. psittaci , olunye uhlobo lwe-antibiotic ekilasini le-sulfonamide lungaphumelela futhi, kodwa leli klasi lezidakamizwa alinamthelela kulohlobo oluvame ukutholakala lwebciwane ukuze kubangele i-psittacosis.
Ungakuvimbela Kanjani I-Psittacosis Inyoni Yakho?
Izinhlobo ezithile ze-disinfectants zingabulala izinhlobo zebhaktheriya ezibangelwa i-psittacosis ngakho ukuhlanzeka kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni lesi sifo. Uma uhambela umbukiso wezinyoni qinisekisa ukuthi ugeza izandla zakho kahle phakathi kokuphatha izinyoni nangaphambi kokuphatha inyoni yakho. Ngisho nezinto ezithengiswayo ekubonisweni kwezinyoni, njengezitsha zokudla, amakheji , namathoyizi, zingabamba amafomite ezinyoni ezithelelekile, futhi kufanele zigezwe ngaphambi kokuba zilethwe ekhaya enyoni yakho.
Izinyoni zasendle nazo zingathwala i-psittacosis. Izinyoni zezingane eziwela esihlahleni, izinyoni ezifile kanye nezinyoni ezimele zivame ukuphathwa ngabantu futhi zingathwala i-psittacosis. Uma uphatha izinyoni zasendle (ikakhulukazi izinyoni zasolwandle) qiniseka ukuthi ugeza izandla ngaphambi kokuphatha inyoni yakho yesilwane.
Uma uhlela ukwamukela noma ukuthenga inyoni entsha yezilwane, qiniseka ukuthi uyayinqanda inyoni ngaphambi kokuyifaka kwenye inyoni yezilwane. Lokhu kuzokuvumela isikhathi sokuba uziqaphele noma yiziphi izimpawu ze-psittacosis. Qinisekisa ukuthi uhlambulukile ngesikhathi salesi sikhathi sokuhlukanisa noma ukugqoka igilavu elahlayo kanye ne-mask, ikakhulukazi uma umthombo wenyoni ungangabazi.
Uma unayo izinyoni eziningi kanti enye itholakala ukuthi i-psittacosis, kufanele uyihlukanise nenyoni kwabanye ukuze unciphise ingozi yokusakaza isifo.
I-ventilation emihle, izindawo ezihlanzekile, nokugeza izandla konke kubalulekile ekusakazeni ukuhanjiswa kwe-psittacosis ekhaya.