I-Reef Tank Janitors - Ingxenye 2

Ukuba nabasizi abancane bemvelo ukusiza ekunakekeleni kwetanki kunezinzuzo zayo. Engxenyeni 1 yalolu chungechunge senza amaphuzu nezinhlanzi ezithandwa kakhulu emathonjeni emifula, futhi kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinhlanzi, izinhlanzi zangempela kanye nezinhlobo zezilwandle ezinjenge-tank tank janitors.

Mayelana nama-Shrimps

I-Phylum Arthropoda
I-Subphylum Crustacea Class Class Malacostraca

Ama-shrimp akuzona izidli zama-algae, kodwa ama-scavengers wemvelo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, benza ama-cleaners ahlanzekile. Zigcinwa kahle ngokuzikhethela noma njengabantu ababili. Ezinye izinhlobo zizokhetha kwezinye izilwanyana ezingenalutho kanye namakhorali athambileyo, kanti ezinye izinhlobo ezinkulu zingase zihlasele izinhlanzi, ngakho qaphela ukuthi uluphi uhlobo oluthile oluthengeni lwakho.

• Okufunwa kakhulu yi- Cleaner Shrimps yezinhlobo zeLysmata , ikakhulukazi i-Pacific Cleaner Shrimp ( Lysmata amboinensis ) kanye ne-Scarlet Cleaner Shrimp ( uLysmata debenius ), owaziwa nangokuthi i-Red or Fire Shrimp. Lezi zinhlanzi ezincane azisizi nje ukugcina i-tank ihlanjululwe njengabaqaphi abahle, kodwa ziyizinhlanzi zezinhlanzi zezinhlanzi futhi zisetshenziselwa amathangi emifula ukuze zilawulwe amanzi anokasawoti.
• I-Coral Banded Shrimp:

• I- Coral Banded Shrimp ( uStanopsus hispidus ), owaziwa nangokuthi i-Banded Coral noma i-Boxer Shrimp, ithandwa kakhulu. Ngaphandle kokuba ama-scavengers amahle kakhulu, bayamjabulisa ukubheka ngemivimbo yabo ebomvu nebomvu, futhi kubhekwe njengendlela ephephile. Amanye ama-aquarist aveza ukukhathazeka ngalezi zinhlanzi, ngoba abanye bathi babonile ukuhlasela kwabo izinhlanzi. Kusukela ekuhlangenwe nakho kwethu ngokugcina okuningi kwalezi zinhlanzi kule minyaka, kokubili emathangi okudoba ama-fish and semi-seef, asikaze kwenzeke lokhu. I-Coral Banded Shrimp yizindawo futhi "izoxosha" izinhlanzi, kodwa asikaze sibone ukuhlaselwa okulodwa, ukubamba noma ukubulala inhlanzi. Eqinisweni, ngokuvamile baqala ukuhlanza izinhlanzi, ngisho ne-Eel Snowflake, kufana ne-Cleaner Shrimp. Lezi zinhlanzi kufanele zigcinwe ngokuzimela noma njengezimboni, ngoba bobabili abesilisa nabesifazane bayolwa, ngokuvamile okubangelwa ukufa komunye wabo.

• I-Clown Shrimp:

• I-Clown noma i-Harlequin Shrimp's ( Hymenocera picta ) yokudla iqukethe kuphela izinyawo zamathambo e-Echinoderms ku-Starfish Family. Emanzini aseHawaii siyazi ukuthi uma uthola i-Harlequin Shrimp izinhlobo ezincane zeLinkia ze-Comet noma i-Blood Spotted Starfish zizobe ziseduze, ngoba lokhu kuyisisekelo sayo sokudla. Ngempela ingenye ye-Shrimps eyimangalisa kakhulu futhi enemibalabala, kodwa ayitholi neze ukudla okunye okuyi-aquarium. Ngaphandle kokuba unezinhlanzi ezinhle zokudla izinhlanzi ukuze kuqhubeke, akusebenzi kahle ekuthunjweni. Uma unamanye ama-starfishes abalulekile e-tank yakho, akuhlakaniphile ukugcina i-Harlequin nabo.

• I-Peppermint Shrimp:

• I- Peppermint Shrimp (i- Lysmata wurdemann) , engeke iphoswe ngeKamela , iCamelback noma i-Humpback Shrimp (i- Rhynchocinetes uritai), iyisinqumo se-tank esiphezulu se-tank sokulawula i- Aiptasia sp . i-anemones, futhi ingenye isisindo sokukhwabanisa. Ngisho noma i- R. uritai iphinde ibe yindawo yokuhlanza itanki enhle, iyaziwa ngokuthanda kwayo i- Corallimorphs (Amakhomikhali) nama- Zoanthids , ngakho lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe uma unayo lezi zinhlobo zezilwane ezincane ezise-coral ethandeni lakho.
• I-Pacific Clown Shrimp:

• I-Anemone noma iPacific Clown Shrimp (i- Periclimenes Brevicarpalis ) iyinhlanzi encane ye-inch eyodwa kuphela ngobukhulu obunobungane be-Sea Anemones no-Clownfishes. Lezi zinhlanzi kuthiwa yindawo ehlanzekile yomswakama ohlala emanzini ohlala ezinkambeni zokugcoba i-anemone, ezondla noma ezishaya izidlo zokudla kanye neClownfishes.

Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nalezi zinhlanzi nezinye, bhekani ku-Shrimp Care & Resources Resources.

Amakheba Eqiniso

Uma kuziwa ekukhethweni ama-crabs weqiniso we-tank yakho, qiniseka ukuthi uthola ukuthini. Ngisho noma ama-scavengers amakhulu, izinhlobo eziningi zizohlasela futhi zidle amanye ama-crustaceans, kanye nama-invertebrates. Izinhlobo ezikhula ezinkulu zingahlasela izinhlanzi, futhi zingaba yingozi kule aquarium, njenge- Crab 7-11 ngokwesibonelo.

Ufuna ukhethe izimbiza ezihlala ziyingcosana futhi zincane kakhulu uma kunomthelela omubi eminye yempilo yasolwandle.

• I-Emerald Crab Green:
• I- Emerald Green Crab (i- Mithrax sculptus ) ihlala phakathi kwamadwala futhi idla ama-algae, ikakhulukazi ama filamentous no-Valonia (Bubble). Le crab ikhula kuphela ibe ngamasentimitha ayisithupha ngosayizi, futhi isetshenziselwa ukuba yinye yezinsika eziphephile zomsakazo eziphephile ukuze zibe nokuhlaselwa phansi kwe-algae.

• I-Sally Lightfoot Crab:
• Enye imifino enhle ye-herbivorous yi-Sally Lightfoot Crab. Izinhlobo "zeqiniso" ze-Sally Lightfoot yi- Grapsus grapsus ezitholakala eziqhingini zaseGalapagos, okungenzeka ukuthi ngeke kube yilokho ozithola ezitolo zezinhlanzi. I- Percnon gibbesi itholakala eCaribbean, kanti namanye amanzi ashisayo emhlabeni wonke nawo abizwa ngokuthi yi-Sally Lightfoot, futhi ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi yi-Nibble Spray Crab. Le nsiza kuthiwa inamahloni futhi ingase ifihle isikhathi esithile itanki lakho, ibonakala kuphela ngezikhathi ezithile ize ijwayele imvelo yayo.

• Umcibisholo we-Arrow:
• Izilwane ezibukekayo eziyinqaba i-Arrow Crab ( Stenorhynchus Seticornis ). Le crab ngumkhwabanisi omuhle, kodwa kuthiwa uyaziwa kakhulu ngokudonsa izinkomba zePeather Duster ngaphandle kwamatayipi azo, futhi angakhetha kwezinye izinambuzane. Akuzona izinhlobo ezibhekwa njengendawo ephephile.

• I-Crab yaseHorseshoe:
• Akuwona amaqabunga ngempela, kodwa ahlobene kakhulu nama-scorpions, amakhekithi, kanye nezikhawu zomhlaba, ama- Horseshoe Crabs anezigaba zawo, i-Class Merostomata , kwi-Phylum Arthropoda. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu yiLimulus polyphemus , etholakala e-Atlantic naseGulf coast of the US kanye nezinhlobo ezintathu zeGenera Tachypleus neCarcinoscorpio etholakala emanzini aseningizimu nasempumalanga ye-Asia, kusukela eJapane kuya e-Indonesia naseNdiya. Bondla izibungu, ama-mollusks nezinye izinambuzane ezincane ezingenalutho ezingcwatshwe esihlabathini noma odakeni; lezi zilwane ziphuma ngesikhathi sokukhanya okuphansi noma amahora okulala ukuze zikhishwe. Ngeshwa yize i-sifters enhle kakhulu ye-sand and scavengers, ingahluma ibe yizinyawo ezintathu, okwenza kube yizicathulo ezincane ezonakalisayo, futhi zithandana. Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, lezi zilwane azibhekwa njengempheme ephephile. Kodwa-ke, uma ihlinzekela indawo efanelekile, futhi une tank enkulu ngokwanele ukugcina eyodwa, ngoba idlulisela isikhathi esiningi sokugwedla esikhathini esiyi-substrate, yenza i-stirrer enhle kakhulu.

Mayelana ne-Sea Urchins

Uyazi ukuthi:

• Ama-urchins aseLwandle asetshenziswa njengezinto zokubonisa emanzini omphakathi ukuthola ukuthi uhlelo lusebenza kahle yini? Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zilwane "zikhethiwe" mayelana nekhwalithi yamanzi nokuhlanzeka emanzini, yilokho okuqala ukukhombisa izimpawu zokucindezeleka, okubonwayo lapho izinsiza zabo zibeka noma ziwa.
• Zikhona izinhlobo eziningi ezitholakala emanzini asezindaweni zomhlaba ashisayo naphezu kolwandle?
• Ama-urchins ngokuvamile abizwa ngokuthi i-Wana ( azwakale njenge- vawna ) eHawai'i?
• Akuyona into engavamile ukuba amanye ama-urchin akhe izindlu ezincane ezihlotshaniswa ngaphakathi kwezihlungwini zabo?
• I-Triggerfishes ne-Puffers izokhetha izinhlanzi ezivela emanzini ase-sea, zivule, bese zivule amaqabunga azo ukuze zidle?

• Ngaphambi kokuqala kwawo-1970, ama-urchins olwandle eCalifornia ayebhekwa njengezinambuzane, kodwa manje inani lokuthunyelwa kwe-sea urchin yaseCalifornia liyimbonini yezigidigidi zama dollar?
• Izinhlobo eziningi zijabulela ukudla ama-coralline algae? Lokhu akusibi ngempela ngaphandle kokuthi ubeke kakhulu kunomboro noma ngobukhulu obukhulu e-tank lapho ukudla kwabo kungadlulela khona inani lokukhula kwe-coralline elitholakalayo ukuze londle. Uma lokhu kukukhathazeka, ungase ucabange ngokubeka amakhokhamakhi ambalwa esitsheni ukuze usize ukukhipha i-coralline eyengeziwe, ukukhula okuncane ne-macro algae lapho, njengoJohn Rice enza nge-Variegated Urchins ( Lytechinus variegatus ).
• Ezinye zezilwane ziyingozi kakhulu, futhi abaningi abadli algae nhlobo?
• Amalungu agcwele ama-Family Diadematidae , anjengezinhlobo zeDiadema ne- Echinothrix , anezinhlanzi ezimbi ezihlabayo?
• Izinhlobo ezinkulu ezikhulayo zingaba nzima futhi zenze njengezinhlamvu ezincane, ezibangela ukulimala kanye nokuhlelwa kabusha noma ukunciphisa ama-rock nama-coral scapes?

Manje, ngezinhlobo eziningi ezifanayo noma ezihlobene eduze ezitholakala kumarchins emhlabeni wonke kungaba nzima ukubona, futhi nakuba eziningi zezilwane zingaba imishini yokudla, njengoba ungabona ezinye zingenayo imikhuba emihle. Okubalulekile ngokukhetha ama-urchins olwandle kufanele uqaphele ukuthi uthola ukuthini ngempela. Njengoba sikhulu kakhulu kwinombolo ukuze sizame futhi sihlanganise zonke izinhlobo lapha, sizokwenza ezinye zezinhlobo ezivamile.

I-Urchins yamapensela

Lawa ma-urchins abizwe kanjalo ngokuthi isimo sepensela se-spines yabo.

• Ezinye izinhlobo zePencil, njengezinhlobo zeCaribbean ze- Eucidaris tribuloides , ziyizilwane ezidla inyama, kusho uRonald Shimek encwadini yakhe engekho Isizathu Sokuthi Ungabi Khona . Uthi, "Ngaphambi kokuba ngithole lokhu ohlelweni lwami, ngibheke i-Pencil Urchin (i- Eucidaris tribuloides ) ibambe futhi idle imfucumfucu ebomvu".
• Ilungu le-Family Echinomertridae , i-Hawaiian Pencil Slate noma i-Slate Pencil Urchin (i- Heterocentrotus mammillatus ) ingenye yezintandokazi zethu ngenxa yezintambo zayo ezibushelelezi, eziphelile, ezinemibala emnyama enombala obomvu. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lolu hlobo luyisiphephelo siphephile yini noma cha, kodwa siyazi ukuthi akulona i-urchin elula yokunakekela, hhayi ukuhlala isikhathi eside ekuthunjweni ngaphandle kokuthi kutholakale ukunikezwa okuningi kwe-algae.
• Amalungu e-Family Cidaridae avame ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-Urchins ePencil, kodwa lezi zinhlobo zinezikhala eziphambene, ezihlanjululwe kahle ezisezingeni eliphansi, kanti izinhlanzi eziyinhloko zivame ukuhlanganiswa ne-algae ne-detritus. I-Hawaiian Rough-Spined Urchin ( iChondrocidaris gigantea ) ikhula kakhulu ngamasentimitha amane ububanzi ngamasentimitha angu-6 ubude, kanti i-Ten-Lined noma i-Sputnik Urchin (i- Eucidaris metularia ) ikhula ibe ngamasentimitha amane kuya kwamasentimitha, I-Urchin (i- Actinocidaris thomasi ) ibe yi-intshi eyodwa kuphela.

I-Urchins Yokuqoqa

Lawa ma-urchins athola igama lawo kusukela ekutheni abakuqoqa futhi "ukuqoqa" izinto, ezifana namaqabunga, amatshe amancane noma amatshe amatshe, amatshe amakhorali, udaba lwesitshalo, kanye nanoma yini enye abangayithola ukuze bazihlanganise nabo. Bafika ngemibala enemibala esuka kuma-pastels alula kuya kumnyama.

• I-Black Collector Urchin (i- Tripneustes gratilla ) ivame ukubonakala eHawaii. Ichitha isikhathi sayo emgodini wehlisa ukuhamba ngezinyawo emadwaleni nama-corals efuna i-algae ukuba idle, futhi ikhula ibe ngamasentimitha angu-5 ngobukhulu. Lawa ma-urchins azohamba azungeze ingilazi futhi azulazula i-aquarium efuna i-algae ukuze adle.
• Ekhulunywe ngaphambili, i-Variegated Urchin (i- Lytechinus variegatus ) ingenye uhlobo lokuqoqa urchin.
• Ukuphinda ubhekisele ku-Ronald Shimek akusikho Isizathu Sokuthi Ungabi Nesipiliyoni , uthi enye yezintandokazi zakhe yiBlue Tuxedo noma iRoyal Urchin ( Mespilia globulus ) etholakala ePalau okungavamile ukuphakama kuka-3 cm ngamasipha. UJohn Rice uthi i-herbivore enhle kakhulu, incane futhi ayiphazamisi amanye ama-corals noma ezinye izakhamuzi. Uthanda ukuhamba nomsebenzi wegwala udla i-microalgae kanye ne-coralline. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngombala wakhe omuhle okwesibhakabhaka, ubukeka kahle.

I-Rock Boring Urchins

• Ebizwa ngokuthi ukugoqa edwaleni eliqinile, ngokuvamile li-limestone noma i-tuff, lawa ma-urchins aqhubeka ehluma ngezinsiza zawo ezimfushane namazinyo okuthiwa amazinyo ukuze akwenze lokhu. Lawa ma-urchins amnyama kakhulu angaboni, futhi uma kungekho dwala etholakalayo ukuba ligijime lizofaka umgogodla ngaphakathi kwe-substrate, emgodini ngaphakathi ngaphakathi noma phakathi kwamagatsha ase-coral, noma ukukhahlela ngaphansi noma kunoma iyiphi indawo abangayithola ukuze bafihle kuyo.
• I-Pale Rock Boring Urchin (i- Echinometra mathaei ) yizinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ezitholakala emanzini aseHawaii, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi i-Indo-Pacific. Amaflethi amaningi angamajuba aseHawaii agcwele iziteshi nezimbobo ezizondwa yizilwane, kodwa zingatholakala ngaphansi kwamanzi ama-50 noma ama-60 angena ngaphansi kwamagatsha eFinger Coral. Ikhula kuphela ubukhulu obungamasentimitha amabili kanti ngokuvamile i-greenish-white imhlophe ibe yi-grey, inombala obomvu, noma ibubende embala. Kusukela ekuhlangenwe nakho kwethu ngokugcina la ma-urchins, bakhokha kancane kakhulu noma abanandaba ne-algae.
• I-Urchin Oblong ( Echinometra oblonga ) isondelene kakhulu no- E. mathaei , futhi ngaphandle kombala wayo omnyama obumnyama nesimo somzimba esincane kakhulu, ukuhluka okwenyama phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili kuncane. Zenzeka endaweni efanayo engasenalutho yendawo yokuhlala, kodwa i-Oblong Urchin ivame ukuvinjelwa ekujuleni kwezinyawo ezingaphansi kwamamitha angu-10, ekhetha amatshe angajulile angamadwala avuliwe esenzweni esivamile.
• I-Rock Boring Urchin (i- Echinometra lucunter ) ingase ibhekwe njenge-Caribbean neGulf of Mexico inguqulo ka- E. mathaei etholakala eHawaii.

I-Colder Water Species

• Ezinye izinhlobo ezivamile ezihlala ezindaweni ezimanzi ezinwabuzelayo yi-Red ( Strongylocentrous franciscanus ) kanye nama-Purch ( S. purpuratus ) ama-urchins olwandle, atholakala ngaphesheya kweNyakatho Melika ukusuka eBaja, eCalifornia kuya e-Alaska. Izinhlobo ze-Green ( S. droebachiensis ) zitholakala empumalanga yePacific njengenyakatho enyakatho njenge Point Point, e-Alaska, naseningizimu eWashington. Kwenzeka e-Aleutian Islands nasentshonalanga eKamchatka, Korea naseHokkaido, eJapane. ENyakatho ye-Atlantic, itholakala e-East Coast yase-US naseCanada, naseGreenland, e-Iceland naseNyakatho Yurophu.

Ukuze uthole ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nokugcina ama-urchins olwandle emanzini e-aquarium usawoti, sikhuthaza ukuthi ubheke kuLwandle lwe-Urchin Care ne-Sea Urchin Photo imithombo.