Iyini iHhashi?
Umlando
I-Equus caballus noma ihhashi yisilwane esiluhlaza. Amahhashi, izimbongolo, izimbongolo kanye nama-pony ahlaselwa enkulwaneni encane efana nenyamazana okuthiwa i-hyracotherium. Kuyinto evamile ukucabanga ngokuziphendukela kwamahhashi njengendlela eqondile elandelwa emuva kwezinhlobo ezithile, kodwa akunjalo. Ngaphezu kwama-eons kwakukhona izinhlobo eziningi nezinhlobo ezincane ezakhiwa futhi ziphendukela ekuphenduleni indawo yazo.
Ihhashi inezinkomba eziningana ekuziphendukeleni kwayo.
I- chestnut , ukukhula kwezinto ezinamafutha emathanjeni angaphansi kwamadolo kanye ne- ergot ngaphansi kwe- fetlock yizinsalela zezinsipho. Amathambo aqhekekileyo (amatsatarsal wesibili nowesine emhlane nangemetacarpal ngaphambili) kanye ne-canon (amathambo emithathu we-metatarsal ne-metacarpal) amathambo enosi. Ihhashi ngokuyinhloko limelela emathonjeni yeminwe nezinzwane.
Amahhashi ahamba phambili ayengaphansi, angemi ngaphezu kwamandla angu-14 (amasentimitha angu-56/141 cm). Umndeni wamahhashi wanamuhla uhlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu: amahhashi anzima, amahhashi alula namahhashi. Usayizi wezintaba zamahhashi zanamuhla ezivela ezandleni ezingu-5 (20 intshi / 50 cm) kuya ku-19 izandla (76 intshi / 192cm).
Ihhashi lesimanje likholelwa ukuthi livela ezinhlotsheni ezine zamahhashi ezindala; uhlobo lwe-pony olucatshangwa ukuthi lukhona enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeYurophu, i-pony ecatshangwa ukuthi ikhona enyakatho yeYurophu nase-Asia, ihhashi elicatshangwa ukuthi likhona e-Asia Ephakathi, futhi ihhashi eliwugwadule licabanga ukuthi lihlala eNtshonalanga Asia.
Ubufakazi bemfuyo bukhombisa ukuthi laba babekhokho bazo zonke izinhlobo ze-pony kanye namahhashi.
Kuze kube sekufika abahloli bamazwe baseSpain, ihhashi laqedwa kuwo wonke amazwe aseMelika. Kukhona ubufakazi obungemuva kwamahhashi asendulo ngaphambili emazwekazini asentshonalanga. Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kungenzeka ukuthi kwaphoqelela amahhashi angama-primitive ngaphesheya kwebhuloho lezwe enyakatho ye-Asia.
Amahhashi asendle asekhona manje njengama-Mustang, noma amaPonies ase-Assateague Island aphelile-aphunywe ekuthunjweni futhi ashintshwe endaweni yakhe entsha.
Izihlobo
Ama-mules, isiphambano phakathi kwembongolo yesilisa (jack) nehhashi lezinsikazi (mare), liyi-hybrid futhi ngokuvamile ayikwazi ukukhiqiza. I-Hinny iyinzalo yembongolokazi (jenny noma jennet) nehhashi lamadoda (stallion).
Amahhashi akwaPrwwalski acatshangwa ukuthi yihhashi langempela lokugcina eliyiqiniso. Amanye amalungu omndeni wakwa-Equus angama-onagers, ama-zebra, amadon, nama-kiang. Ngayinye yalezi ziguqukile ukuze zihlale endaweni yazo-ngokuvamile izimo ezomile ezishisayo ezingeke zisekele ihhashi.
Izici
Ihhashi akuyona izinkomo ezinjengezinyosi, ezinesisu eziningi. Ihhashi inesisu esisodwa nesigxathu eside sokugaya. Ziyizinkomo ezidinga izidingo ezikhethekile zokudla.
Amazinyo amahhashi akhula phakathi nempilo yawo. Amagama amazinyo ebisi ehhashi aphuma eminyakeni engama-2 noma emithathu ekwenzeni amazinyo asebekhulile, ama-flat asfaces ahlotshaniswa ukugaya utshani obunamafutha kanye namaqabunga.
I-Life Span
Isikhathi sokuphila samahhashi sineminyaka engaba ngu-25. Amaponi aphila ngaphesheya kweminyaka engu-30 nama-mules angaphila ema-40s.
I-Predator noma i-Prey?
Amahhashi ayizilwane eziphanga. I-physiology yabo kanye nokuziphatha kwabo kungukuthi isilwane esisekelwe ekuzindleni nasejubane ukubalekela izidumbu.
Amahlumela abo afana nomuntu, kodwa amahlombe abo awahlanganisiwe esikhaleni. Lokhu kuvumela ukufinyelela okuqhubekayo ngenkathi kusebenza.
Amahhashi yizilwane zezinkomo futhi athola ukuphepha ngamaqembu. Kungaba ukucindezela amahhashi ukuba ahlale yedwa noma asuswe kubangane bawo lapho ephathwa noma ekhishwe.
Umbono
Amehlo amahhashi ahlinzeka ngombono ongama-360 degree. Babona kahle ekukhanyeni ngenxa ye- tapetum lucidum ebonisa ukukhanya okukhona emehlweni. (Lesi sambatho sibangelwa ukucabangela okumhlophe okubonwe ku-flash photos. Abantu abanalo lesi sithombeni.) Bangabona ngaphezu kwabantu, nakuba bebona umbala ongaphansi. Isimo saso sinikeza umbono womabili we-binocular and monocular. Bangabona phambili ngokusebenzisa umbono we-binocular. Umbono ezinhlangothini nasemagcekeni angemuva yi-monocular. Futhi banesibindi sokukhanda noma 'ijwabu leso lesithathu', okusiza ukuvikela iso kusuka othulini namadayri ngenkathi kudla.
Ukuzwa
Izisekelo zezindlebe zehhashi ziguquguquka kakhulu. Bakwazi ukuhambisa izindlebe zabo ukukhomba imisindo phambi nangemva kwabo. Izindlebe zabo zisetshenziselwa ukuveza imizwelo.
Ukusetshenziswa
Kuwo wonke umlando wabo nabantu, ihhashi liye lakhonza izinhloso eziningi. Ukusetshenziswa kwethu kokuqala kwamahhashi kwakukudla. Izazi-mlando zikholelwa ukuthi zaqala ukusetshenziswa njengezilwane eziqhamukayo. Sezisetshenziselwe umsebenzi wepulazi, empini, injabulo nokuthutha. Badonsa konke kusuka kumathononi kuya ku-barges. Bekuthutha okubalulekile kwezandla zenkomo ezibhekene nokuphatha izinkomo ngezindawo ezide futhi zidonsa omnibusisi emigwaqweni yedolobha.
Njengoba ukuthandwa namandla we-injini yangaphakathi yomlilo kwanda, ukusetshenziswa kwehhashi kushintshiwe kusuka enjini yomsebenzi kuya kwisilwane sokuthakazelisa. Namuhla amanye amasiko asadla amahhashi, futhi awasebenzise ukudonsa imithwalo nokulima. Kodwa lezi zenzo zingase zishaywe noma zinyamalale eNyakatho Melika. Ngomuntu othanda ihhashi wamanje kunamakhulu ezemidlalo nemisebenzi ongayithokozela ngehhashi noma i-pony futhi eziningi zigcinwa nje ngenjabulo yobunikazi.