Amahhashi yizilwane ezincelisayo, futhi njengazo zonke izilwane ezincelisayo zibeletha inzalo ephilayo edlalwa yingxenye yokuqala yokuphila kwabo ngobisi lukanina. I-mare ingaveza kuphela imbongolo eyodwa ngonyaka. I-stallion iyakwazi ukukhiqiza izilwane ezingamakhulu amabili ngonyaka. I-mare iyakwazi ukukhiqiza inyamazane cishe ezinyangeni eziyishumi nesishiyagalolunye ubudala, kepha impilo enempilo ye-mare nesilwane uma i-mare ingenani iminyaka emine ubudala.
I-stallion ingaqala ukukhiqiza ama-mares eminyakeni emibili (kwezinye izimo ngaphambili), kodwa inempilo ye-stallion encane uma ukuzalanisa kungaqali kuze kube yiminyaka emine. Kuzo zombili izimo, ukuzalanisa ekuqaleni kungathinta ukukhula. I-mare ingase iqhubeke iphethe izilwane kuze kube yilapho iseneminyaka engamashumi amabili edlule. I-stallion ingase iqhubeke nokukhiqiza ama-mares eminyakeni engamashumi amabili, nakuba amandla akhe azokwehla.
Iziphuku ziyakwazi ukuhamba zigijime amahora ambalwa emva kokuzalwa. Zingase zithole utshani, zigxilise noma zifakwe ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokuzalwa, nakuba ubisi lwabo luzoba ngumthombo oyinhloko wokudla. Bangase banqunywe kumama babo ezinyangeni ezintathu emva kokuzalwa, nakuba abakhiqizi abaningi bekhetha ukushiya ama-mares kanye namadodana ndawonye isikhathi eside. Nakuba amahhashi afuthayo futhi ebeletha ngaphandle kokunakekelwa kwezilwane zezilwane, izinkinga eziningi zingabhekwa ngokuba nokuhlolwa kwe-stallion ngaphambi kokuzalana, futhi i-mare ihlolile futhi iyakhathalela ngesikhathi sokubeletha.
Isikhathi sesilinganiso se-Gestation
Isikhathi sokubeletha noma isikhathi kusukela ekukhulelwe kuze kube sekuzalweni cishe izinsuku ezingama-340 noma izinyanga ezingu-11. Amanye amamashi azokwehliselwa ekudleni ngaphambili noma kamuva kunomphakathi, futhi abalimi bazokwazi lezi zintando. Endaweni engokwemvelo, i-stallion izokhipha i-mare ehlobo, kanti izilwane zizozalwa entwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kwehlobo.
Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi amantombazane azalwa lapho kudliwa inqwaba, kanti isimo sesimo sezulu sesinzima kakhulu. Uma i-mare ibeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi-phakathi nezinyanga zasebusika zasekupheleni, isibonelo, imbongolo iyozalwa ngejazi elikhudlwana, kodwa isadinga ukuvikeleka ngaphakathi kwendawo eshisayo.
Ama-mares ngokuvamile avuma ama-stallion ngesikhathi sezintwasahlobo nasezinyangeni zasehlobo, nakuba zingase zibe nemijikelezo ye-oestrus cishe onke amasonto amathathu, unyaka wonke. Kodwa-ke, abalimi abafisa ukuphatha umjikelezo wokuzalanisa amazombe kangaka azalwa ekuqaleni konyaka (ngokuvamile amahhashi ogijimi) azosebenzisa izibani ukulinganisa izinsuku ezinengi zonyaka kahlobo nehlobo. Ukukhanya kwelanga okufakelwayo kuvuselela ama-hormone ama-mare wokuzala, futhi angabhalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi azophinde adle ekuqaleni konyaka.
Ukuhlola Ukukhulelwa
Ngaphandle kokungabikho komjikelezo we-oestrus, ama-mares angabonisi izimpawu ezibonakalayo zokukhulelwa ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala. Ukukhulelwa kungaqinisekiswa yi-ultrasound ngemuva kwamasonto amabili ngemva kokubeletha. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye nomchamo kungenziwa izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezintathu emva kokukhulelwa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, udokotela wezilwane angakwazi ukuzizwa ngezinye izimo ekushintsheni kwesibeletho se-mare cishe amasonto ayisithupha ekukhulelwe.
Kubalulekile ukuba i-mare ihlolwe ngudokotela wezilwane ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa impilo yakhe kanye nempilo yengane yakhe. Amawele amahhashi ayengavamile kodwa angaholela ku-mare aborting. Uma amahlumela amawele athwaphulwa eyokuphela, kukhona amathuba okulahlekelwa kokubili. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kuvame ukuphakanyiswa ukuba 'uhlambulule' umbungu owodwa. Lokhu kwenziwa ekuseni kakhulu ekukhulelweni. Akuyona into engavamile ukuba i-mare ilahlekelwe ukukhulelwa, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuhlolwa kwe-ultra-sound, igazi noma umchamo futhi ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu. Izinto ezinjengokuhlola ukuthi i-mare idonsa kanjani ikhanda layo, ukubukeka emehlweni akhe noma indlela inaliti ehamba ngayo lapho ibanjwe phezu kwesisu sayo akuzona izindlela ezinembile zokunquma ukuthi uyisilwane .
Izinyathelo zamuva zeGestation
Emva kwezinyanga ezintathu izinkukhu zizokhula ngokushesha futhi ziqale ukubheka njengehhashi elincane.
Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, i-mare ingaqala ukubonakala ikhulelwe. Ama-mares aphikisiwe ngaphambi angabonisa ukuthi isisu sanda ngokushesha kunokudlula indodakazikazi. Ezinyangeni ezisele, isisu sika-mare sizoqhubeka sikhula njengoba udaka lusondela ngosuku lwawo lokuphuca. Cishe amasonto amabili ngaphambi kosuku olufanele, umbele we-mare uzoqala ukwandisa futhi uqale ukukhiqiza uketshezi oluphuzi oluphuzi.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingaba ngu-315 zokukhulelwa, i-mare izoqala ukukhombisa izimpawu zokwehlisa. Uketshezi oluphuzi luzophenduka ubisi lokuqala noma i-colostrum. Umbele ungadonsa, futhi imisipha ekhanda umsila wayo ingase ikhululeke ngokwengeziwe. Isibeletho sakhe singase sibonakale siphuka, njengendawo yokubeletha yokuzalwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuzalwa kuseduze futhi i-mare kumele ihlolwe njalo ngezibonakaliso zokukhuleka. Ngaphambi nje kokuzalwa i-mare izobonakala ingenasiphelo, ingadonsa phansi bese ihlola izinhlangothi zayo (ezifana nezimpawu ze-colic). Kumele ifakwe esitokisini esikhulu esihlanzekile, mhlawumbe sibekwe ngotshani. I-mare ingalala phansi iphinde ivuke kaningi futhi ingase ibelethe ukuma noma ilele phansi. Okokuqala, isikhwama se-amniotic singase sibonakale, bese-ke amaphuphu angaphambili namaphule. I-foal ivame ukuvuthwa phakathi nemizuzu embalwa ngalesi sigaba.
Ngezinye izikhathi, isilwane 'sibheke' noma i-quarter quarters kuqala noma eyodwa noma kokubili izimbangela zangaphambili zingahle zibuyele emuva. Ngezinye izikhathi i-mare foal yalimala ngesikhathi sokuzalwa noma inezinye izinkinga ezidinga ukunakekelwa kochwepheshe. Udokotela wakho wezilwane kufanele ahlole i-mare ne-foal ngokucophelela ngemva nje kokuba ifule lifike.