I- substrate yilapho phansi itanki kanye nezinto lapho izitshalo ze-aquarium ziyogxila khona. Isici esibaluleke kakhulu ukuthi i-substrate kufanele ibe yinto engathinti kabi izimo zamanzi ngokukhulisa noma ukwehlisa ubunzima be- pH namanzi. Ufuna iphakathi elijabulisayo. Ama-coral noma amagobolondo achotshoziwe nezinhlobo ezithile zegridi zizokwenza u-pH ophezulu nokuqina kakhudlwana kwe-carbonate, okungafani nezitshalo zakho ze-aquarium.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-pH ephansi namanzi aphansi kakhulu angabangela izimpande-ezizoholela ekukhuleni kwe-algae . I-pH ye-6.8 kuya ku-7.2 ingcono kakhulu, kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwezitshalo ze-aquarium oyikhethayo. Namathela kumagagasi emvelo, gwema izinto zokwenza izinto, igrafu eliboshwe nge-epoxy noma ubuhlalu bezingilazi kanye nekheramikhi enemibala.
Usayizi we-substrate
Izinto ezingaphansi komhlaba kufanele zibe phakathi kuka-3 no-8 mm obukhulu. Ama-granules amakhulu ayovimbela ukukhula kwezimpande futhi ezincane zingakwazi ukuchoboza izimpande. Kunconywa uma uqala itangi oyengeza le substrate ngezigaba.
Isibonelo, hlanganisa isendlalelo sokuqala somanyolo oqinile, (khumbula - kancane kuningi) futhi ubeke endaweni ethangiwe. Bese ufake izithako ezimbili ezengeziwe nge-granules ehle kakhulu kwisendlalelo esiphezulu. Qaphela ukuthi izendlalelo ezengeziwe aziqukethe umanyolo. Khumbula ukusebenzisa isitsha noma ipuleti phansi lapho ugcwalisa ngamanzi ukuze ugweme ukukhipha umquba.
Ukujula kwe-Substrate
Kumele futhi unikeze i-substrate ekujuleni okufanele kwezitshalo zakho ze-aquarium. Kunezinhlobo ezine zezitshalo zamanzi ezingahle zihlukaniswe yizimpande.
- Izimila ezingadingi isihlabathi kodwa zihlanganisa izimpande zazo emadwaleni noma ezinkuni ezifana no- Anubias , Microsorium, noBolbitis.
- Izimila ezinezimpande ezinkulu njenge-Aponogeton neNyphaea.
- Izimila ezineziqu ezinde zifana ne- Hygrophila ne-Rotala ezinemipho engacacile.
- Izitshalo ezifana ne-Cryptocoryne ne-Echinodorus ezigxile kakhulu.
Ukukunikeza umbono wokujula kwe-substrate, kufanele ucabange uhlobo lwezitshalo ze-aquarium ozolisebenzisa. Ama-deep-root root will, of course, adinga ukujula kakhulu. Uma zihlwanyelwe e-substrate ezingajulile ngokwanele, izimpande zizogxila futhi izitshalo ze-aquarium ziyohlupheka ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezakhi. Izitshalo ezigxile kakhulu zidinga okungenani i-substrate engama-6 cm (2 kuya ku-3 amayintshi).
I-Substrate Material
Izinto zokwakha ezenzelwe izitshalo zezinhlanzi ezitshaliwe zigcwele manje, kanti izintandokazi zami ezimbili ziyi-EcoComplete, noFluorite Brown. Ukukhula kuluhlaza futhi kubonakala kuphelele ngokuvumelana nalokho okudingekayo izitshalo. Kubonakala sengathi kukhona isikhathi sokuphumula se-EcoComplete ngokukhula kwesitshalo samasonto amabili kuya kwangu-3. Ngamanye amazwi, izitshalo azithathi isikhathi saleso sikhathi.
Uma unesithakazelo sokwenza isisekelo esisekelwe enhlabathini, thola i- Ecology Of The Planted Aquarium ngu-Diana Walstad; liyincwadi ephelele yokuthi ungayithola kanjani olunye ucwaningo lwesayensi ngezitshalo zasemanzini.