Izinhlobo zegazi, ukuthuthwa, kanye nabanikeli
Ingabe izinja zinemihlobo yegazi, futhi kubalulekile yini ukwazi ukuthi igazi lika-puppy lakho lihlobo luni? Nakuba igazi lomnikeli linikeza usizo olusindisa ukuphila, namuhla siyazi ukuthi igazi le-donor lingathwala ama-parasites noma ama-virus. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wonke igazi le-canine alidalwanga elinganayo-njengabantu, izilwane ezifuywayo zinemihlobo ehlukene yegazi futhi lawa mahluko azuzwa njengefa. Ukunikeza igazi elingavumelani kungaba nemiphumela esongela ukuphila.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zegazi
Amaqembu wegazi nezinhlobo ziyahlukahluka futhi umehluko uzuzwa njengefa. Ama-antigens ebusweni bamaseli egazi achaza uhlobo lwegazi. Ama-antigens amaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate, amakhemikhali noma ezinye izinto umzimba ophendula ngazo ngokukhiqiza ama-antibodies.
Uma inja inezi-antigens eziqondile kumaseli awo abomvu, kuthiwa zilungile kulolo qembu elithile. Uma amangqamuzana abomvu engenayo i-antigen enikeziwe, khona-ke isilwane asibi kulelo qembu legazi. Lokhu kubalulekile, ngoba uma i-puppy ikhomele noma ingagula, ukumpontshelwa ngegazi eligcwele noma izingxenye zegazi kungadingeka ukuze ulondoloze impilo yenkomo. Kodwa ukunikeza uhlobo olungalungile lwegazi kungaba nemiphumela emibi.
Ukusabela kwe-Transfusion
Abantu (kanye namakati) banamagciwane amakhulu kakhulu ngokumelene nohlobo olungalungile lwegazi. Amasosha omzimba wethu aqaphela igazi elingavumelani njengelinye izwe, futhi lihlasela futhi libhubhise igazi njengokungathi liyigciwane noma amabhaktheriya.
Uma umuntu ethola igazi futhi igazi elingalungile linikezwa, lokhu kusabela ngokumpompela kungambulala umuntu ngokushesha.
Nokho, izimpawu azizona ezicacile ngakho kungaba nzima ukwazi ukuthi kwenzekani. Izimpawu zifaka ukushintsha kwenhliziyo, ukuphefumula kanzima, ukuwa, ukwehla, ukuthuthumela, ukuxubana, ubuthakathaka, ukuhlanza kanye nomkhuhlane.
Ngenhlanhla, ukusabela okunzima akuvamile ezinja.
Ukuguqulwa kokuqala
Izinja azivamile ukuthi zenze izifo zemvelo ngendlela abantu namakati abazenza ngayo, noma kunjalo. Isivikeli somzimba sejaji asibonakali ngokushesha ukubona igazi elingavumelani, kodwa kumele liqale livezwe engxenyeni yegazi ngaphambi kokukwakha ama-antibodies ngokumelene nalo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, izinja eziningi zingathola ukumpontshelwa igazi kunoma iyiphi enye iqembu legazi okokuqala. Ngemva kwalokhu, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela "sihloswe" ukuze siqaphele igazi langaphandle futhi uma siphinde sinikezwe, ukuphendulwa kokumpontshelwa igazi kungenzeka.
Izikhathi eziningi, ukumpontshelwa kokuqala kwenja kuyenzeka ngaphansi kwezimo eziphuthumayo ukugcina impilo yenja. Uma engakaze aguqulwe, kungenzeka ukuthi ngeke abe nesenzo esibi egazini, noma ngabe alihambisani. Kodwa kunconywa uma kunokwenzeka - futhi njalo ngemuva kokuba i-puppy yakho ihanjiswe ngaphambilini - ukukhomba uhlobo lwegazi lwenja ukuze ukuzwa kwegazi lejaji yakho kanye / noma ukusabela okungasongela ukuphila kungagwenywa.
Izinhlobo ze-Canine zegazi ne-Breeds
Uzothola izinombolo ezehlukene zezinja zezinja zezinja ezibalwe - iningi lamasistimu eqembu lama-13 ahlonziwe kodwa ayisithupha ajwayelekile kakhulu.
Izinja zingachazwa njengezinhle noma ezimbi ku-DEA ngayinye (inja i-erythrocyte antigen). I-erythrocyte i-red cell cell.
Amaqembu wegazi we-canine ngokuvamile ayaziwa yi-DEA-1.1, DEA-1.2, DEA-3, DEA-4, DEA-5, ne-DEA-7.
Ezinye izinhlobo zegazi zibangela ukusabela okuyingozi kunabanye, futhi iqembu le-DEA-1.1 liyisono esibi kunazo zonke. Izinja ezingenayo i-DEA 1.1 nezinye izinhlobo zegazi zibhekwa ngokuthi "abanikeli bomhlaba wonke" abakwazi ukunikeza kunoma iyiphi enye inja efakwe ngegazi. I-DEA 1.1 engezansi kuyingcosana yezinja.
Iningi lezinja li-DEA 1.1 elihle futhi linganikeza igazi ngokuphepha kuphela kwezinye i-DEA 1.1. izinja ezinhle. Ukumpontshelwa okungahambisani kungaholela kokubili ukuqoqa nokubhujiswa kwamaseli abomvu. Ngokuvamile, ukusabela kuyashesha, kodwa kungase kubambezelwe kuze kube yizinsuku ezine.
Eminye imikhakha ine-pre-composition yokuba yi-DEA 1.1 enhle noma engalungile.
Kukholomu olungalungile, izinhlobo ezingaba yi-DEA 1.1 negative zibandakanya ama-Grayunds, Amabhokisi, ama-Irish Wolfhounds, Abelusi baseJalimane, ama-Dobermans nama-Pit Bulls. Iveza ngokuvamile i-DEA 1.1 enhle yi-Golden Retrievers ne-Labradors. Uma i-puppy yakho ingomunye walezi zizwe, kungaba umqondo omuhle ukuba ube negazi lakho elimangalisayo lomlilo.
Igazi legazi kanye nezinja
Imithi ye-Transfusion iye yaqhubeka kakhulu eminyakeni eyishumi edlule ngoba izinja namakati ngokuvamile badinga ukumpontshelwa njengengxenye yokwelashwa kwabo. Ngo-1989, elinye lamabhange okuqala egazi lwezilwane ezifuywayo laqaliswa yi-Angell Memorial Animal Hospital eBoston. Iyunithi ejwayelekile yegazi lonke i-500cc, noma cishe ama-ounces angu-17, kuyilapho amaseli egazi abomvu nama-plasma amancane amancane. Usayizi wesilwane nesilinganiso sokugula sinquma ukuthi uzodinga kangakanani. Eziningana zezinhlelo eziqhutshwa izibhedlela zokufundisa wezilwane, kanye nezinhlangano zangasese zezohwebo, okwamanje ziyatholakala.
Ezinye izinhlelo ze-blood donor zifuna izinja zezilwane, ngokusekelwe ezinkambweni eziningana ezihlanganisa impilo, isisindo, nobudala. Abanye ezindaweni zokufundisa bangase babe nezinja zezinja (ama-Greyhounds avamile ngoba iningi lalingu-DEA1.1 negative - kodwa lilungile ku-DEA 3) elinakekelwa kakhulu futhi liphathe ngokubamba iqhaza kwabo futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lingamkelwa.
Abahlengikazi bezilwane manje basebenzisa kalula amakhadi wezinhlamvu ze-canine ne-feline ukuze bahlole isikhala sezinhlobo zegazi ezinzima kakhulu ehhovisi labo. Ukulinganisa okungahambisani nakho nakho kungenziwa kalula, futhi nakuba ngeke kutholakale uhlobo, kuzokutshela ukuthi ngabe ukuphendulwa kokumpompela kuzokwenzeka noma cha. Iphunga le-serum noma i-plasma egazini lezilwane ezamukeliwe elixubene nehlazo legazi kumuntu ozobe linikezelayo lizohlangana uma igazi lingavumelani.