I-Leptospirosis kuzinja

I-Leptospirosis yisifo se-bacteria esingathinta izilwane eziningi. Akuvamile kumakati, kepha kuvame kakhulu ezinja. I-Leptospirosis yisifo se- zoonotic , okusho ukuthi singadluliselwa ezilwaneni kuya kubantu. I-Leptospirosis ebantwini ingaba nomkhuhlane noma, kwesokunxele ingalashwa, ingaba yingozi kakhulu.

Isizathu

I-Leptospirosis ibangelwa iqembu eliyinkimbinkimbi yebhaktheriya ehlobene eduze ye-genus Leptospira . Kunezinkinga eziningana ezenzeka ezindaweni ezahlukene futhi zivame ukusithinta izinhlobo ezithile ezingaphezu kwamanye.

Izingozi Zezingozi

Ama- bacteria aseLeptospira asinda ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifudumele, ezinomswakama, futhi avame ukutholakala emanzini aphelile (isib. Amachibi). Izilwane zasendle zingathwala iLeptospira. Ngakho-ke, izinja ezinezikhundla eziphakeme zokungcola kwamanzi ahlanzekile nezilwane zasendle kanye nomchamo wazo zisesengozini enkulu (isib. Ukuhlala ezindaweni zasemaphandleni, izinja zokuzingela).

Izinja ezindala , abesilisa, nezinja ezinkulu zibonakala zinesilinganiso esiphezulu sokutheleleka. Kodwa-ke, noma iyiphi inja ingavezwa, ngoba izilwane zasendle zasemadolobheni ezifana namagundane angathwala amabhaktheriya. Izifo eziningi zenzeka ehlobo nasekuqaleni kokuwa, kanti ngezikhathi ezithile izimpukane zilandela ukukhukhula.

Ama- bacteria e- Leptospira athululelwa emcinini wezilwane ezinegciwane, nakuba zingatholakala kwezinye izifo zomzimba nezicubu. Izinja zingenwa igciwane lesandulela ngculazi (kokubili ngokufaka ukungcola noma ukuxhumana nomfutho wezinambuzane noma isikhumba ephukile), ukuvezwa komchamo wesilwane esithathelelekile (isib. Ukudla okungcolile, ukulala, umhlabathi, njll.), Ukulimala, nokufaka ama tishu kusuka ezilwaneni ezinesifo.

Uma amabhaktheriya aseLeptospira engena emzimbeni, asakazeka ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezicubu. Amasosha omzimba angasusa amabhaktheriya emzimbeni wonke, kodwa amabhaktheriya angase "afihle" ezintsheni, kanti amabhaktheriya angaphala emcimbini izinyanga eziningi emva kokutheleleka. Ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuchitha isikhathi eside emcinini.

Izimpawu Nezibonakaliso Ze-Leptospirosis

Ubukhulu bezimpawu buhluka futhi buxhomeke enkulwaneni (ubudala, impendulo ye-immune, isimo sokugoma), uhlobo lweLeptospira , nezinye izici. Ezinye izinja zingase zibe nezibonakaliso ezincane noma azikho izimpawu nhlobo, kodwa amacala amakhulu angabulala. Izimpawu nezimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Fever
• Ubuhlungu obuhlangene noma obunamahloni (lokhu kungabonakala njengokunganqamuki ukuhamba)
• Ukunciphisa ukudla
• Ukungabi namandla
• Ukuvota nokuhuda
• Phuma emakhaleni nasweni
• Ukuvuthwa njalo ngezinye izikhathi kulandelwa ukungabi nokuvuthwa
• Ukuphuza kwezinsini, izibungu ezungeze amehlo, nesikhumba (i-jaundice)

Ukuxilongwa kweLeptospirosis

Ukuxilongwa okuqinisekisiwe kuvame ukubonisa ukutholakala kwama-bacterium amasampuli, ngokuvamile umchamo, noma ukuthola ama-antibodies akhulayo kuLeptospira ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okubonisa ukuthi i-immune response in a test ebizwa ngokuthi MAT. Uhlolo olulodwa lwe-antibody lomuntu lungase lube luhle ngenxa yokuchayeka kwangaphambili kuma-bacteria aseLeptospira (isib. Ukutheleleka okungenayo izimpawu) noma ukugoma .

Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi amabhaktheriya aseLeptospira angatholakala emcimbini wezinja ezingenayo izimpawu ezisebenzayo ngenxa yeLeptospira , ngakho kubalulekile ukucacisa uma izimpawu zingenxa yeLeptospirosis noma ezinye izimbangela ezikhona.

Izinhlobonhlobo zezinye izivivinyo zama-laboratory kanye nama-radiographs angasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuxilongwa.

Ukwelapha i-Leptospirosis

Ama-antibiotics asetshenziselwa ukubulala amabhaktheriya aseLeptospira futhi avame ukunikezwa ngezigaba ezimbili: uhlobo olulodwa lwemithi elwa namagciwane ukuze aphathe ukutheleleka kokuqala olulandelwe uhlobo oluthile lwemithi elwa namagciwane ukuze alwe nokukhipha amabhaktheriya emcinini. Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kuqalisiwe, kungcono.

Uma ukwehluleka kwezinso kanye / noma kwesibindi kukhona, ukubikezelwa kokuthola kabusha kubi kakhulu. Kulezi zimo, ukwelashwa okunomsoco kubalulekile, kuhlanganise noketshezi oluphakathi kwamanzi, imithi yokwehlisa ukuhlanza nokuphatha ezinye imiphumela yehluleka ukuphefumula kwesibindi nesifo sebindi, ne-dialysis. Kodwa-ke, kuye ngokuthi ubuhlungu bezinkinga, ukwelashwa akupheli ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho ukwehluleka komzimba kukhona.

Ukuvimbela i-Leptospirosis

Imithi yokulwa neLeptospirosis iyatholakala futhi inconywa ezindaweni lapho i-leptospirosis ejwayelekile khona.

Imishanguzo ikhiqizwa kuphela ngezinhlobo ezimbalwa zeLeptospira futhi inganikeli amandla okuzivikela okuhlala isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke idinga ukuphindaphindiwe kaningi.

Nakuba imishanguzo ayikho i-100% ephumelelayo futhi ayivikeleki kuzo zonke izinhlobo zeLeptospira , ukugoma kusadingeka ukuba kusize ukuvimbela isifo esingathi sína esingasakazwa kubantu. Imishanguzo ephakanyisiwe kanye nezinhlelo zokugoma kumele zixoxwe nge-vet yakho ngokusekelwe ezinkingeni zezinja zakho.

Izinyathelo zokulawula izidakamizwa zinciphisa amathuba okutheleleka, futhi ezindaweni lapho iLeptospirosis ejwayelekile khona, ukuvimbela izinja ukuba zigebe ngamachibi kanye namanzi ahamba kancane angasiza.

Ukunakekelwa Kwekhaya Lokubambisana Ne-Leptospirosis

I-Leptospirosis ingabangela izibonakaliso ezinjenge-flu, kubantu abathile kwezinye izimo bangathuthuka ekuguleni okukhulu. Uma isilwane sakho sitholiwe ngeLeptospirosis, izingozi zingaphathwa ngokuyinhloko ngokuhlanzeka ngokucophelela. Eqinisweni, izilwane ezifuywayo ezingabonakali izimpawu zokutheleleka (ngakho-ke zingatholakali futhi zilashwe ngama-antibiotic ukumisa ukuchithwa kwama-bacteria emcintini) mhlawumbe zibe yingozi enkulu yokudluliselwa kubanikazi abangenakubheka.

Kodwa-ke, uma isilwane sakho sitholakale sineLeptospirosis, izinyathelo zokuvimbela izifo zifaka okulandelayo:

• Gwema ukuxhumana nomchamo uma kungenzeka, futhi ugqoke izingubo zokuvikela (iglavu, njll) uma udinga ukusingatha umchamo.
• Hlanganisa ukuhlanzeka okuhle kuhlanganise nokugeza izandla ngokucophelela.
• Ukukhipha ama-disinfect endaweni lapho izilwane ezifuywayo ezigciwane ziye zavuthwa (i-antibacterial disinfectant noma i-bleach diluted solution).
• Landela iseluleko se-vet yakho yokwelapha futhi uqinisekise ukuthi yonke imithi inikezwa njengoba iqondisiwe.

Uma ngabe kukhona umuntu oxhumana nenja etholakale ukuthi uLeptospirosis uyagula, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma ngesifo senja kubahlinzeki benakekelo yezempilo (njengomthetho wesithupha, ngaso sonke isikhathi umqondo omuhle ukubhekisela ekuhlinzekeni kwezilwane kwabahlinzeki bezempilo lapho abantu umndeni ugula).

Sicela uqaphele: Lesi sihloko sinikeziwe ngezinhloso zokwaziswa kuphela. Uma isilwane sakho sibonisa noma yiziphi izimpawu zokugula, sicela uthintane nodokotela wezilwane ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.