Ulwazi lwe-Canine Bleeding Disorder
Iyini isifo seVon Willebrand? Ungase uzwe leli gama kodwa ungazi ukuthi liyini noma ukuthi lithinta kanjani izinja. Isifo se-Von Willebrand siyinkinga yokuphuma kwegazi ebonakala ngokuntuleka kwe-von Willebrand factor, iphrotheni ethile edingekayo ukusiza igazi le-clot. Ngezinye izikhathi kuthiwa i-pseudohemophilia, i-vWD yiyona ndlela evame ukuguqula igazi elaliyizinja nabantu.
Yini i-von Willebrand Factor?
Inja evamile, i-blood clots (coagulation) nokugeleza kwegazi kuyama (hemostasis) ekuphenduleni ukuhlukumezeka emithanjeni yegazi.
Nakuba kungase kubonakale njengomsebenzi oyisisekelo, ukugoqa ngegazi empeleni kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Lapho i-coagulation iqala, amangqamuzana egazi abizwa ngokuthi amaplatelets ahlangana ndawonye. I-platelet ihlanganisa futhi ihambelane namaseli eduze kwezindonga zemithana yegazi ukwenza i-clot (ngokuyisisekelo "ukuvula" umgodi esikebheni). Izinto ezise-plasma yegazi ezibizwa ngokuthi izici zokugqoka zenza inqubo ye-coagulation ne-hemostasis. Iqoqo elilodwa lalezi zinto yi-glycoprotein okuthiwa u-von Willebrand factor (ebizwa ngokuthi uDkt. Erik von Willebrand owathola le nto ngenxa yesifo sakhe). Ngesikhathi sokuvala, i-von Willebrand factor ibalulekile kumaplatelets ezibophezela odongeni lweseli ngokudala i-fibrin, uhlobo oluthile lwamashini eselula olufaka uphawu lwesitsha segazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-von Willebrand factor isebenza nge-clotting factor VIII ukwakha i-fibrin.
Izimpawu ze-von Willebrand Disease in Dogs
Uma inja ingenayo inani elanele le-von Willebrand factor, igazi alikwazi ukuvala kahle.
Lokhu kungaholela ekuphumeni okwedlulele isikhathi eside nangesinye isikhathi uma isitsha segazi siphukile. Ukweqa kungabangelwa ukulimala okungalindelekile noma ngisho nokuhlinzwa. Kwezinye izimo, ukuphuma kwegazi kwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo kusukela kumgudu we-GI, umgudu wokugcoba, amazinyo, kanye / noma umcengezi.
Izinja zingase zihambe iminyaka ngaphambi kokubonisa izimpawu ze-VWD.
Ukunciphisa okuncane kanye nokwehla kungase kungabi negazi kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, izimpawu zivela ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kokuqala (ngokuvamile i- spay noma i-neuter ). Ezimweni ezinzima ze-VWD, izinkinga zokuphuma kwegazi azibonakali kuze kube kamuva ekuphileni ngemva kokuba lesi sifo siphuthumiswe yizinye izifo, njenge- hyperthyroidism . Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukuphuma kwegazi kungase kwenzeke emantwaneni ngenkathi behlezi.
Izinhlobo ze-von Willebrand Disease in Dogs
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ezibonakalayo zesifo se-von Willebrand ezinjazini. Ngamunye uhilela ukuhluka kwezinga le-von Willebrand factor.
I-TYPE 1: Izinja ezine-Type 1 von Willebrand isifo se-protein esakhiwe yi-von Willebrand, kodwa ayinayo imali eyanele ukuze kube lula ukugubha. Uhlobo I luhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesifo se-von Willebrand. Leli fomu livame ukubonwa ku- Doberman Pinschers , i- German Shepherd Dogs , i- Standard Poodles , neShetland Shepherd. Noma kunjalo, uhlobo lwe-VWD 2 lungaba khona kwezinye izinhlanga noma izinja ezixubene. Izinja eziningi ezine-type 2 vWD azibonakali izimpawu kuze kube yilapho zihlinzwa noma zithola ukuhlukunyezwa.
I-TYPE 2: Izinja ezinehlobo lwama-vWD zinezinga elivamile le-von Willebrand factor, kodwa amaprotheni ahlelekile noma asebenza kahle. Uhlobo lwe-2 luvame ukubonwa ku-Amanothi aphethwe yi-Wire Wire-Haired and Short-Haired Pointers.
Izinja ezinehlobo 2 i-VWD ingabhekana neziqephu ezinzima zokuphuza, ngezinye izikhathi ezingenayo imbangela eyaziwa ???
I-TYPE 3: Izinja ezinehlobo lwama-vWD zilahlekile ngokuphelele i-vWF. Leli fomu livame ukubonakala kumaShetland Sheepdogs, Terrier Scotland, naseChesapeake Bay Retrievers. Uhlobo lwe-3 luhlobo olubi kakhulu lwe-vWD.
Ukuhlonza i-von Willebrand Disease kuzinja
Ezimweni eziningi, awaziwa ukuthi inja ine-von Willebrand isifo kuze kube khona isiqephu sokuphuma kwegazi noma okungaqondakali. Uma inja yakho inguhlobo oluthathwa ngaphambili ku-VWD, ukuhlolwa kuwumqondo omuhle, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Khuluma ne-vet yakho mayelana nezinketho zokuhlola ukuze wazi
Kukhona izinkinga eziningana zokuphuma kwezinja ezinja, ngakho-ke isiqephu esisukayo kuphela asanele ukuhlola i-vWD. Uma inja yakho iye yaba nesiqephu sokuphuma kwegazi ngokweqile, khona-ke ukuhlolwa kufanele kwenziwe uma inja yakho izinzile ukucacisa imbangela yokuphuma kwegazi.
Okokuqala, kufanele kwenziwe inani eliphelele legazi ukuze ubuke futhi wonke amaseli wegazi bese unquma ukuthi ajwayelekile. Izinja ezine-VWD zivame ukuba ne-CBCs evamile ngaphandle kokuba seziphulukile.
Isivivinyo se-clotting esibizwa ngokuthi i-buccal mucosal bleeding time iyithuluzi elisheshayo nelinye nelusizo ekuhloleni ukuphazamiseka kwegazi. Ukuhlolwa kwe-BMBT kuhilela ukwenza umncintiswano omncane endabeni yenja kanye nokwenza isikhathi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukwakha i-clot ebonakalayo. Lokhu kungenziwa ngenkathi inja ingaphansi kwe-anesthesia ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. I-BMBT ayilondolozi njalo ezinja ezine-VWD, ngakho-ke lokhu akuyona ukuhlolwa okucacile kwe-VWD.
Ezinye izivivinyo zokunquma isikhathi sokuphuza zihlanganisa isikhathi sokuvala isikhathi eside kanye ne-PT / PTT. Lezi zizoba nemiphumela evamile ezinja ezinemvamisa. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukugijima lokhu kuhlolwa ukulawula ezinye izinkinga zokuphuma kwegazi.
Indlela eyinhloko yokuthola ukuthi i-vWD ikhona yini ukusebenzisa i-von Willebrand factor antigen test, noma i-vWF: Ag%. Lawa mazinga angashintsha nsuku zonke, ngakho-ke kunezigaba ezimbalwa okufanele zicatshangelwe. Izinja ezivamile ziyoba nomphumela we-70 kuya ku-180. Inja ibhekwa njengomngcele ongumphumela we-50 kuya ku-69. Imiphumela engavamile ivela ku-0 kuya ku-49.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-DNA kungenye indlela yokunquma ukuthi inja izothinteka yini noma iyithwala ye-VWD. Lokhu kuhlolwa kutholakala kuphela ezinhlotsheni ezithile zezinja futhi kungenziwa ngelebhu njengeVetGen.
Izinketho zokwelapha zezinja ezine-Von Willebrand Disease
Uma inja ene-VWD iphuma ngegazi, izinyathelo kumelwe zithathwe ukuze zizame futhi zilawule ukulahleka kwegazi. Uma ukuphuma kwegazi kuncane kunomthelela, kungase kwenzeke ukumisa ukuphuma ngezingubo zokubopha noma ezinye izindlela zokucindezela. Uma ukuphuma kwegazi kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, i-vet izozama ukugxilisa imithwalo yezimoto (ukuthunga) igazi ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Inja enegazi elikhulu elilahlekile lizodinga ukumpontshelwa igazi. I-vets futhi ithatha izinyathelo zokugwema noma yiziphi izidakamizwa ezingase zenze isikhathi eside zichithe noma ziphazamise izindlela zokuvala.
Uma ukutholakala kwe-vWD kwaziwa ngaphambi kokuhlinza (futhi ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka) kungenzeka ukulawula ukuguqulwa kwegazi, umkhiqizo wegazi ocebile ku-von Willebrand factor.
Uma i-cryoprecipitate ayitholakali, i-plasma iyindlela ehlukile (nakuba ingenayo i-von Willebrand factor enkulu.) Le mikhiqizo yegazi inganikeza okwesikhashana inja nge-vWF edingekayo yokwenza ama-blood clots ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.
Izinja ezine-vWD (ikakhulukazi Uhlobo 1), ama-vets angase aqondise i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-desmopressin acetate, noma i-DDAVP. Lokhu kukhulula i-vWF engxenyeni yegazi futhi isikhashana isikhathi sokuphuza. Akuzona zonke izinja ezizophendula ku-DDAVP. Ama-vets amaningi acabangela ukuthi le mpikiswano iphikisana noma ayiphumeli.
Into engcono kakhulu engayenza ukuvikela izinja ezivela ku-von Willebrand isifo sokuvimbela ukuba bangazalwa nayo kuqala. Kubalulekile ukuthi abakhiqizi bezinja bangengozini yokuhlola izinja zabo ngaphambi kokuzalana. Inja enemiphumela engavamile akufanele ivuleke. Noma iyiphi inja eneenkinga zempilo kufanele ilandwe noma ihlanganiswe ukuze ivikele izinja zezinja ezizayo.
Ngenhlanhla, izinja ezine-VWD ezincane kuya ezilinganisweni zingahlala ziphila ngokujwayelekile. Ukwazi inja yakho isifo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuthi yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvikela emagqabeni egazi. Izinja ezine-VWD ezinzima kufanele zihlolwe ukuze zivimbele ukulimala futhi zithole ukuphuma kwamanzi ngokushesha. Lezi zinja zingase zidingeke ukuba zifakwe igazi njalo ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze zithole ukulahleka kwegazi.
Uma inja yakho inesifo se-von Willebrand, qiniseka ukuthi uthola udokotela wezilwane ozithembayo futhi uhlale ekukhulumisaneni mayelana nezidingo zenja yakho kanye nesimo esiqhubekayo. Kubalulekile nokuba nolwazi lwezibhedlela eziphuthumayo eziseduze uma kwenzeka kwenzeka isiqephu esigayekile. Kubalulekile ukuthi ulethe inja yakho yokuphuza nge-VWD ku-vet evulekile eseduzane ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Futhi, khumbula ukuxhumana nanoma yimaphi ama-vets amasha noma abasebenzi be-vet mayelana nesimo se-VWD yenja yakho. Lokhu kuzokwenza bakwazi ukugcina inja yakho iphephile futhi igweme ukwelashwa noma inqubo engabangela ukulimala.