Isifo se-Lyme sibangelwa ama-bacteria okuthiwa i- Borrelia burgdorferi futhi isakazwa ngamakhiza. Amathikithi aphethwe yi-bacteria ngokudla ngamagundane anegciwane nezinye izilwane ezincane. Uma umuthi othelelekile uvuna ezinye izilwane, ungadlulisela amabhaktheriya kulezi zilwane. Isifo se-Lyme sisakazwa yi-tick yezinyamazane (umuthi omnyama omunwe) kanye neqembu elincane lamanye imikhaza ehlobene eduze. Umkhuhlane wezilwane uncane futhi ungaluma izilwane nabantu ngaphandle kokuthola.
Isifo se-Lyme sithinta izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinhlobo, kuhlanganise nezinja, amakati , nabantu. Amaphesenti angama-95 ezinja aphethwe yi- B. burgdorferi awavezi izimpawu (abantu baningi amathuba okugula nesifo seLyme).
Abukho ubufakazi bokuthi isifo se-Lyme sisakazwa ngokuxhumana ngqo nezilwane ezinegciwane. Kodwa-ke, khumbula ukuthi imikhaza ingakwazi ukugibela ukuhamba ekhaya ezifuywayo zakho bese uqhubekela phambili kubantu ekhaya.
Izingozi Zezingozi
Izinja ezichitha isikhathi esiningi ngaphandle, ikakhulukazi emahlathini, ehlathini, noma ezindaweni ezinotshani obude zivame ukutheleleka ngesifo seLyme. Noma kunjalo, amakhiza angathathwa emagcekeni kwezinye izilwane, futhi izinja zingenwa igciwane lapho kutholakala khona imikhaza.
Izifo zenzeka ngesikhathi semikhakha (ngokuvamile zisuka ekuqaleni kokuwa), kodwa isikhathi esiphakathi kokutheleleka nokubonakala kwesifo seLyme singase sibe izinyanga ezi-2-5.
Isifo se-Lyme sibonakala ngaphesheya kwe-US nakwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba.
E-US. Isifo se-Lyme sivame kakhulu e-United States esenyakatho-mpumalanga, kanye nogu lolwandle lwasePacific, futhi phakathi nasentshonalanga.
Izibonakaliso zezifo zeLyme
Uma izimpawu zomtholampilo zikhula, zingase zenzeke isikhathi esincane noma ziphindaphindiwe, futhi zingabandakanya:
- Fever.
- Ukunciphisa ukudla.
- Ukuvuvukala, amalunga abuhlungu (izinja zingase zishaye ukuthutha).
- I-Lameness - ukuxuba okungase kube mnene ekuqaleni, bese kubiza, futhi kungase kuguquke ukusuka komlenze owodwa kuya komunye.
- I-Lethargy.
- Ukuvuvukala kwama-lymph nodes.
Izinja ezinesifo se-Lyme zingase zihlakulele isifo sezinso.
Izimpawu zesifo sezinso zingabandakanya ukucindezeleka, ukuhlanza , ukulahlekelwa ukudla, nokunyuka ukoma nokuvuthwa (ngezinye izikhathi ukungabi nokuvuthwa kuzokhula). Izinja ezakha isifo sezinso zingagula futhi zingaphenduli ukwelashwa.
Izifo ze-neurological (ukuguquka kokuziphatha, ukuhlukunyezwa) nezinkinga zenhliziyo , ngezinye izikhathi ezibonakala kubantu, azivamile ezinja.
Ukuxilongwa kwezifo zeLyme
Ukuxilongwa kwesifo seLyme kufanele kususelwe kunhlanganisela yezici, kufaka phakathi umlando (ukuchazwa kwekhaksi), izimpawu zomtholampilo, ukutholwa kwamagciwane kumabhaktheriya e- B. burgdorferi , nokuphendula okusheshayo ekwelashweni ngama-antibiotic.
Ukuhlolwa okunamandla kwama-antibody akukwanele ukwenza ukuxilongwa ngokwakho, ngoba akuzona zonke izinja ezivezwa ku- B. burgdorferi ezigulayo, kanye namagciwane angaphikelela egazini isikhathi eside emva kokuvezwa.
Ezinye izivivinyo zokuxilonga, ezifana nokuhlolwa kwegazi kanye nomchamo, ama-x-rays, kanye nesampuli samanzi ahlangene, kungenziwa ukuhlola izimpawu zesifo sezinso nokulawula ezinye izimo ezinezimpawu nezimpawu ezifanayo.
Ukwelapha Izifo ZaseLyme
Ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic kuvame ukwenza ngcono ngokushesha izimpawu (ama-antibiotics azoqhubeka amasonto ambalwa).
Ukwelashwa kungase kungacacisi ngokuphelele amabhaktheriya, kodwa kuveza isimo lapho kungekho khona izimpawu (okufana nesimo sezinja ezingenazo izimpawu zokutheleleka).
Isifo sezinso singase sikhule isikhathi esithile emva kokutheleleka kokuqala, ngakho-ke umqondo omuhle ukuhlola njalo amaprotheni amaningi emcimbini wezinja eziye zabhekana nesifo seLyme. Ukubamba isifo sezinso ekuqaleni kwenkathi yayo kunikezela ukubikezelwa okuhle kakhulu. Uma isifo sezinso sekhona, isikhathi eside semithi elwa namagciwane kanye nemithi eyengeziwe yokwelapha isifo sezinso ngokuvamile kudingekile.
Ukuvimbela Izifo ZaseLyme
- Ukulawulwa kwetheksi kubaluleke kakhulu ekuvimbeleni isifo seLyme (nezinye izifo eziningi ezingadluliselwa ngamakhiza). Hlola inja yakho nsuku zonke ngemikhaza bese ususa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoba amakhiza kumele athole okungenani amahora angu-12 (mhlawumbe amahora angu-24-48) ngaphambi kokudlulisa amabhaktheriya abangela isifo seLyme. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi setikiti eliphakeme futhi emva kokuba inja yakho idlulise isikhathi esihlahleni noma utshani obude (cabanga ukugwema lezi zindawo ngenkathi yomkhakheni). Imikhiqizo evimbela imikhaza njengemithi yokuvimbela inyangazonke (isib. Frontline®, Revolution® ) noma amakolishi omuthi (isibonelo, Preventic®) ingasetshenziswa; qiniseka ukuthi ulandela iseluleko sakho sezilwane lapho usebenzisa lemikhiqizo. Gcina utshani nebhayisikili enqanyelwe egcekeni lakho, nasezindaweni lapho imikhaza ingenkinga enkulu, ungase ucabange nokuphatha igceke lakho ngemikhaza.
- Imishanguzo Yezifo ZamaLyme: Ukugonywa ngokumelene nesifo seLyme kuyinkulumo ephikisanayo futhi kuyinto okufanele ixoxwe ngokujulile ne-veterinarian yakho. Ochwepheshe abaningi abacebisi ukugoma ngenxa yokuthi izinja ezimbalwa ziveza izimpawu zesifo seLyme, futhi uma isifo seLyme sitholakala ezinja, kuvame ukuphathwa kalula. Ukwengeza, ngoba izinkinga ze-arthritis nezinso ezihlobene nesifo se-Lyme ziyingxenye eyodwa ehambisana nokuziphendulela kwamagciwane kumabhaktheriya (kunokuba amabhaktheriya ngokwawo), kunokukhathazeka ukuthi ukugoma kungabangela izinkinga. Ukugonywa akuwona amaphesenti angu-100 aphumelelayo, futhi kuyasiza kuphela ezinja ezingakaze zivezwe ku- B . burgdorferi . Kodwa-ke, ukugoma ngaphambi kokuvezwa kungasiza ekuvimbeleni izinja ukuba zithole isifo seLyme futhi zibavimbele ukuba bangabathwali bebhaktheriya. Lapho kusetshenziswa khona imishanguzo, kuvame ukuphakanyiswa ukuba uqale izinja ezigoma njengezimbongolo ezincane (isib., Cishe amasonto angu-12, nge-booster 2-4 kwamasonto kamuva). Umgomo awuhlinzeki ngokuzivikela okuhlala isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke ukugonywa kabusha ngonyaka (ngaphambi kokuba kufike isikhathi semikhakha) kuyadingeka. Ifomu eliphindaphindiwe lomgomo libhekwa ukuthi linamandla emiphakathini angaphezu kwamagciwane okugoma.
Sicela uqaphele: lesi sihloko sinikeziwe ngezinhloso zokwaziswa kuphela. Uma isilwane sakho sibonisa noma yiziphi izimpawu zokugula, sicela uthintane nodokotela wezilwane ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.