Ukukhomba, Izimbangela Nezokwelapha
Izwe ligcwele amabhaktheriya, eqinisweni, umhlaba wethu ngeke ube khona njengoba siyazi ngaphandle kwabo. Ngo-1884 udokotela waseDenmark, u-Christian Gram, wathola ukuthi amabhaktheriya angahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili ahlukene, i-gram-positive ne-gram-negative. Ukusebenzisa inqubo ethile yokufaka izinambuzane amabhaktheriya anganquma ukuthi i-gram-positive noma engalungile, kuye ngokuthi ngabe igcinwe (enhle) noma ilahlekile (engalungile) umbala we-violet phakathi nale nqubo.
Iningi lama-bacteria abangela izifo ezinhlanzi zasolwandle yi-gram-negative. Izingane ezivame ukuhlotshaniswa nalezi zifo ziyi-genus Pseudomonas noVibrio , kanye ne-Myxobacteria.
Izimbangela
Ukubona izifo ze-bacteria nokuthi kungani zenzeka akuzona njalo umsebenzi olula, oqondile. Ukutheleleka kwamabhaktheriya kungabangela izimbangela eziningi, ngisho nokuhlanganiswa kwezimbangela, futhi kungaba yindabuko (yangaphandle - okungukuthi i-end & tail ukubola nezifo zesilonda), uhlelo (ngaphakathi), noma kokubili. Izinhlanzi ezinempilo zinamandla okumelana nama-bacteria futhi zikwazi ukulwa nazo, kodwa izinhlanzi ezinzima, ezigulayo / / ezicindezelekile zingakwazi ukubhekana nalesi sifo. Ama-pores amancane ovulekile emgqeni we-lateral noma amanxeba avulekile ngokuvamile avame ukungena ekufakweni kwezifo zangaphakathi, kodwa izicubu ezithambile zegill nazo ziyinhloko yokuqala. Izinto ezibangela ukuvula lesi sifo yizi:
- Izimo ezimbi zemvelo. Uma izimo zingenalutho, amabhaktheriya angakwazi ukuqhakaza nokudlula izinhlanzi ezinempilo kakhulu. Amanzi agcwele amahlumela ayenamahlumela angase abe izibonakaliso zale nkinga.
- Ukutheleleka kwesibili okubangelwa ukuba nesinye isifo. Isibonelo esihle kakhulu salokhu yisifo esivulekile esisele ngesifo sofuba , njenge- Cryptocaryon irritans . Ezimweni eziningi inhlanzi iphelile, kodwa ukutheleleka okuvela emabhaktheriya angena emzimbeni wenhlanzi ngekhefu esikhumbeni kubangele ukufa.
- Ukudla okunomsoco.
- Ukulimala, njengezilonda ezivulekile, ukusikeka noma ukulimaza.
- Ukuhlukunyezwa .
- Ukucindezeleka.
- Ukungabi namandla.
- Ukuguga.
- Ingeniswe emanzini ngokusebenzisa umthombo wamanzi angcolile.
- Ukungenisa. Isibonelo - Inhlanzi idla inyama yelinye inhlanzi enegciwane.
Izimpawu
Izimpawu ezivamile kungaba eyodwa noma inhlanganisela yalokhu okulandelayo:
- Amahlombe aphuziwe futhi aphelile, noma ama-red streaks ngokusebenzisa amaphiko. Ama-red fins ngokuvamile ayesibonakaliso se-"ammonia burn", engabangelwa izinqubo zokupakisha ezimbi ngesikhathi sokuthunyelwa.
- Ukuqhekeka kwamafini, okusho ukuthi i-fin and umsila ubola.
- Ukubomvu okuzungeze indawo yomugqa ohamba phambili , ngokuvamile obonakala njenge-streaks noma ama-blotches.
- Vula izilonda ezinhlangothini zomzimba futhi eduze nezinhlawulo.
- Izikali zamanzi ezisekelweni zamaphethini.
- Ukuphefumula ngokushesha.
- Ifilimu ebomvu phezu kwamehlo amakhulu (i- Pop Eye ).
- Ukungabi nalutho noma ukuxolisa.
- Ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso.
- Ukuvuvukala kwesisu noma ukubhoboza. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuyisibonakaliso sokutheleleka kwesisu, ngokuvamile kuyinkinga evamile nge- Wrasses egibela e-substrate.
Izifo ze-bacterial ngokuvamile azibulali izinhlanzi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, ikakhulukazi ezinkulu, kodwa ngaphezulu kwesikhathi esisodwa kuya kwamabili. Noma kunjalo, kunezinkinga ezithile ze-viral ezingenza kanjalo. Kunoma yikuphi, ukuhlukaniswa kwezinhlanzi ezithathelwanayo kanye nokwelashwa okusheshayo okutholakala nge- antibiotic ku-QT (i- quarantine tank ) kubalulekile.
Ngisho nezifo ezincane ze-topical zingathuthuka ngokushesha, futhi uma lesi sifo sisesiteji sesistimu sithinta izitho zangaphakathi. Izinhlanzi ziyeka ukudla, izinga lokuphefumula landa futhi inhlanzi igcina phansi bese ifa.
Esikhathini esiningi isikhathi esisodwa noma ezimbili izinhlanzi e-aquarium nganoma isiphi isikhathi sibonisa izimpawu zenkinga ephakeme yokutheleleka kwebhaktheriya. Kodwa-ke, uma izimo zemvelo e-aquarium zihluphekile ngokwanele, zingalimaza kakhulu izinhlanzi. Uma kunjalo kungcono ukwenza ushintsho olukhulu lwamanzi, uphathe zonke izinhlanzi ku-QT bese unikeza i-aquarium ukuhlanza okukhulu ukuhlanza . Lokhu, kanye nokwengeza i- sterilizer ye-UV ngezinye izikhathi kungasiza ukuvimbela ukuqhutshelwa phambili noma ukuphinde kwenzeke kwenkinga efanayo esikhathini esizayo.
Ukusebenzisa i-Antibiotic Yokunene
Ama-bacterium amaningi aphikisana nezidakamizwa ezithile, ngakho-ke ukusebenzisa uhlobo olufanele lwe -antibiotic kubaluleke kakhulu.
Isibonelo, ama-bacteria anemigomo kaningi ayithintekile yi-tetracycline ne-streptomycin, kuyilapho amagciwane angagammeli angenakuthinteka yi-ampicillin, i-penicillin, i-erythromycin nezidakamizwa ze-sulfa. Amanye amabhaktheriya angase angathinteki ngesilinganiso esivamile, kodwa angakwazi ukuthola umthamo ophakeme.
Nasi esinye isibonelo esihle. I-Mardel Laboratories yenza uMaracyn noMaracyn 2. I-Maracyn i-erythromycin isekelwe futhi iyindlela yokwelapha yegciwane-gciwane. I-Maracyn 2 i-mincycline hydrochlor esekelwe futhi iyindlela yokwelashwa kwegrime-negative, kanye nokwanele ngokwanele esikhumbeni ukuphatha izifo zangaphakathi. Njengoba amabhaktheriya amaningi abangela izifo ezinhlanzi zasolwandle ayigugu-negative, futhi angaba ngokushesha uhlelo, i-Maracyn 2 izoba yindlela ephumelela kakhulu. > P> I-Mardel nayo yenza futhi isakaze iMaracyn Plus, okuyindlela yokulwa namagciwane amakhulu okulawula amabhaktheriya abangela ukukhunta komlomo, ukuphela nomsila ukubola, uPapa, i-dropsy nezilonda.
Kumele ucabange ukuthi ngeke ukwazi ukuthola uhlobo oluqondile lwebhaktheriya osebenzelana nalo, izinkinga eziguquguqukayo zingenziwa, futhi zombili amabhaktheriya angase abe khona. Ama-antibiotics ahlukene, abulala ama-bacteria angama-gram-negative kanye nama-positive, njenge-neomycin, chloramphenicol, i-nitrofurazone (Furan-2) imikhiqizo esekelwe, isikhumba sithatha imithi elwa namagciwane e-kanamycin sulfate esekelwe njengeCanacyn / K-Mycin, futhi okwesibini i-tetracycline, ngokuvamile ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo. I-Aquatronics yenza i-ultra-broad spectrum antibiotic ingxube ye-nitrofurazone ne-kanamycin okuthiwa i-Spectrogram engase ihambisane nezidingo zakho. Uma ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zokusebenzisa i-antibiotic ethile lapho kubonakala ingekho noma ukuthuthukiswa okuncane empilweni yezinhlanzi, zama enye. Lezi zingumkhiqizo nje ezimbalwa ezitholakala emakethe, ngakho-ke yenza ucwaningo lwakho ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi imithi oyikhethayo iphephile ukuyisebenzisa ngokubambisana, uma unquma ukuwaxuba.
Ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwama-antibiotics ekuphatheni izinhlanzi kufana nabantu. Ukusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe noma okuqhubekayo kwama-antibiotics kudala ukucindezelwa kokukhethwa okukhuthaza ukukhula kwama-anti-anti-resistants.
Iseluleko sethu akusiyo ukusebenzisa ama-antibiotics njengendlela yokwelapha-yonke imithi noma nini lapho uzwa ukuthi inhlanzi "ingase idinge," kuphela uma kudingeka.
Ngokuvamile, indlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya ingokomlomo kunomlomo (ukuphatha amanzi), noma ukusebenzisa inhlanganisela kokubili. Ukudla ngomlomo kungenziwa ngokuxuba ama-antibiotic okulindelwe ngomlomo ekudleni okunamathele okubandayo okwenziwe kahle. Amanye ama-antibiotic aneziqondiso zokufaka izicelo zomlomo, funda nje amalebula ngolwazi. Khumbula ukuthi uma inhlanzi eyekile ukudla ngokuphelele, ukudla okunomlomo akunakwenzeka futhi kungenzeka ukuthi izinsuku zayo zibalwa. Uma ungafuni ukuhlukunyezwa ngokuxuba ukudla kwakho okuhlolisisiwe kukhona izinhlobo ezahlukene ezitholakalayo ongathenga ngazo.
Njengoba ama-antibiotic amaningi ebulala amabhaktheriya angenagciwane kanye nama-bacterium we-nitrifying we-aquarium nawo-gram-negative, sincoma ukuthi ungaphathi i-aquarium esemqoka. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i- tank kuphela noma i-tank reef , i-dose emincane yama-antibiotic ingenza buthakathaka kakhulu ukukhula kwezinto eziphilayo, umthamo onamandla ungabulala ndawonye, kuyilapho izintambo ezingapheliyo kanye nezilwane zasolwandle zingase zibulewe noma zithinteke nazo. Uma uphoqelekile ukusebenzisa lezi noma iminye imithi yokwelapha i-aquarium esemqoka, qaphela!
Uma usebenzisa i-antibiotic ethandeni lakho eliyinhloko, ungase ucabange ukufaka itanki nge- Bacteria e-Nitrient Tank Starter enhle ngemuva kokuphela kokwelashwa kwama-antibiotic.
Okubalulekile kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lweminye imithi oyisebenzisayo, qiniseka ukuthi uthole eyodwa ezokwelapha isifo osisebenzisayo. Landela izilinganiso eziphakanyisiwe nezikhombisi-ndlela zokusetshenziswa kumalebula womkhiqizo, futhi uma ungabaza, thintana nochwepheshe wendawo yokugcina inhlanzi yakho ukuze uthole usizo.