Funda ukuxilonga nokuphatha i-Oodinium
Yini i-Oodinium?
I-Marine Ich , i-Velvet noma i-Coral Fish Fish ibangelwa ukusuka kwe-flagellation u- Amyloodinium ocellatum . Ilungu leqembu elikhulu lama-flagellate abaculi abajwayele ukuhlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili, i-protozoa enjengezilwane kanye ne-algae efana nezitshalo , i- Amyloodinium ocellatum ivela eqenjini elifanayo le-single-cell alga organisms ezibangelwa ama-red amide emanzini olwandle.
Nakuba le mvelo ingabangeli ama-red, i-parasitic inhlanzi kwesinye isigaba emjikelezweni wayo wokuphila, okuya ngokushisa kwamanzi kungagcwaliswa ezinsukwini ezingu-6 kuya kwezingu-12.
Ngenxa yokuthi lesi sakhi sikwazi ukukhiqiza ngokushesha, lapho kuqhuma i-Oodinium ku-aquarium futhi kungatholakali ngokushesha futhi kunakekelwa, kutholakale ohlelweni lwamanzi oluthile oluthulile lungathola izinombolo ezinzima futhi eziyingozi esikhathini esifushane kakhulu isikhathi. Lolu hlobo lenye yezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokusula, noma ukulahlekelwa ngokuzumayo kwazo zonke izinhlanzi endaweni yamanzi ensawoti .
I-Life Cycle ye- Amyloodinium ocellatum
- Amaseli okubhukuda wamahhala okuthiwa ama- dinospores akhishwa e-cyst evuthiwe bese ehamba eyofuna inhlanzi ephethe. Ngokuvamile lawa maseli angaphila izinsuku eziyisikhombisa kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili ngaphandle komphathi, kepha emathonjeni aphansi angaphansi kwama-75-80 degrees, ezinye izinhlobo zingadlulela ezinsukwini ezingama-30 +.
- Uma sekutholakala ummpi, ngokuvamile ehambela izicubu ezithambile ngaphakathi kwamagill kuqala, ama-dinospores alahlekelwa amandla abo wokubhukuda futhi abe yi- trophozoites engezona ephikisayo . Ngalesi sigaba baphendulela, ngoba ngamunye uhambela izinhlanzi ezithintekayo ngokuthumela i-filament yokudla.
- Emva kokuthola ukudla okunomsoco ngezinsuku ezintathu kuya kwesonto ama-trophozoites ayavuthwa bese ewela emgodleni, angase ahlale efihlekile embranini ye-mucus, noma ngezinye izikhathi ahlanganiswe ngokujulile ezicubu zezinhlanzi ezithintekayo, lapho kulesi sici ngasinye sakha uhlobo lwezinhlanzi igobolondo elinzima elimboziwe
- Ngaphakathi kwe-cyst ngayinye ehlanganisiwe, amangqamuzana ebizwa ngokuthi ama- tomonts , akhiqiza ngaphakathi nge-non-sex division. Lapho efika ekuvuthweni ezinsukwini ezingaba nguhlanu, i-cyst ngayinye iphuka futhi ikhulula amakhulu ama-dinospores amasha okubhukuda mahhala ukuqala umjikelezo ngokuphindaphindiwe, kodwa ngezinamba eziningi.
Izimpawu
Okufanayo okuphawulekayo kuya eBrookellaella, izidakamizwa ze-Oodinium zihlasela ngokuyinhloko izigulane kuqala. Ekuqaleni kwalokhu inhlanzi yokuguqula izivunguvungu ivame ukungena ezintweni ezise-aquarium, ukungahambi kahle kwemvelo kufaka, futhi ukuphefumula okusheshayo kukhula, okuwumphumela wokuqhamuka ngokweqile emigqumeni ngenxa yokuhlasela kwama-parasites. Lokhu kubonakala njengenhlanzi ehlala emanzini, noma ehlala endaweni lapho amanzi egeleza khona njalo e-aquarium.
Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubekela phambili sisuka ezigayini, ama-cysts abonakala ehlathini nasemzimbeni. Nakuba la ma-cysts angabonakala njengamaqabunga amhlophe amancane ubukhulu bokusanhlamvu kasawoti, njengesibonakaliso sokuqala seSalwaterwater Ich noma i-White Spot Disease, yini eyenza u-Oodinium ahluke kwezinye izinhlobo zokuthi yilokho okwamanje izinhlanzi zibonakala zikhona elimbozwe ngalokho okubukeka sengathi kuyomhlophe noma kuncibilikisa kumbala wegolide, ifilimu efana ne-velvet, ngakho igama elithi Velvet Disease.
Manje esigabeni esiphezulu sesifo ukukhiqizwa kwe-gill ne-body mucus kukhula, inhlanzi iba yilapho ingenalutho, inqaba ukudla, futhi akuyona into engavamile ukutheleleka kwesibili ukuthuthukisa. Ngezinhlanzi ezifinyelela kulesi sigaba sokugcina sesifo, kuvame ukuphuza kakhulu.
Ngokuvamile abaphenduli ukwelashwa, futhi ngokuvamile bayobhubha.
Ukwelashwa Okuningi Kwenziwe Oodinium
- Susa zonke izinhlanzi ezisuka e-aquarium eyinhloko , ubanike amanzi ahlanzekile noma okugeza , bese uwabeka ku-QT nge-aeration enamandla enikeziwe. Phatha izinhlanzi ku-QT ngemithi yokwelashwa yethusi ( sitolo bese uqhathanisa amanani ) ngemiyalo yomkhiqizo womkhiqizi. Ukuxazulula izinkinga ezivela kwizifo eziyisibili, uphinde uphathe izinhlanzi nge-antibiotic efanele noma imithi elwa ne-anti-bacterial. Qhubeka uphatha izinhlanzi ku-QT kuze kube yilapho kubonakala sengathi sekuphelile, bese uqhubeka uphatha elinye isonto emva kwalokho.
- Ngeshwa, i-Oodinium ingakwazi ukumelana nobubanzi obunamanzi obunamanzi (kusukela ku-3 kuya ku-45 ppt) ngakho ukucwiliswa akuyona indlela yokwelapha esebenzayo .
Ukuvimbela Ukubuyisela kabusha
Ukuphindwa kabusha kuyokwenzeka kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izinhlanzi ziye zaphathwa kanjani ngempumelelo uma izidalwa zingakhululwa emanzini amakhulu.
Ngenxa yokuthi zidinga ukuba inhlanzi iphile, lokhu kungenziwa ngokugcina ithangi elingenayo inhlanzi okungenani amasonto amane. Ama-aquarium e-fish aquarium kuphela angasetshenziswa phakathi nalesi sikhathi, futhi izinga lokushisa kwamathangi liphakeme kuma-85 kuya kwangu-90 degrees ukusheshisa umjikelezo wokuphila wezinto eziphilayo, okuzosiza ukuqeda wonke ama-cyst kanye nama-dinospores emavikini amathathu.
Izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokubuyisela izinhlanzi eziphathwe emanzini amakhulu okuhlunga kufanele zihlanzwe, izinto zokuhlunga ziguquliwe, futhi ushintsho lwamanzi luyingxenye.
~ Debbie & Stan Hauter
Amathiphu okusebenzisa imithi yama-Ich:
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