Izimpawu, Umthombo, nolwazi oluwusizo loHobbyist
I-fish iridescent yaseTexas inhlanzi ye-cichlid ingakhula ibe ngosayizi omkhulu ku-aquarium yakho-kuze kube yizinyawo. Ngisho noma unayo isikhala emathonjeni akho amanzi ahlanzekile, ungase ufune ukufunda okwengeziwe ngale nhlanzi enobudlova eyaziwa ngombala wayo obala, obalabala.
Izici
| Igama lesayensi | Herichthys cyanoguttatus |
|---|---|
| I-synonym | Cichlasoma cyanoguttatum, Cichlasoma pavonaceum, Herichthys cyanoguttatum, Heros pavonaceus, Parapetenia cyanostigma |
| Amagama ajwayelekile | I-Pearl cichlid, i-Rio Grande cichlid, i-perch Rio Grande, i-Texas cichlid |
| Umndeni | Cichlidae |
| Umsuka | I-Texas neMpumalanga Mexican |
| Usayizi Wabantu abadala | 12 amasentimitha |
| Social | Okudabukisayo nendawo |
| Ukuphila | Iminyaka engu-10+ |
| I-Tank Level | Wonke amazinga |
| Ubukhulu obuncane beTank | 55 amalitha |
| Ukudla | I-Omnivore |
| Ukuzala | I-Egglayer |
| Ukunakekela | Okuphakathi |
| pH | 6.5 kuya ku-7.5 |
| Kunzima | Kufika ku-12 dGH |
| Ukushisa | 68 kuya ku-75 F (20 kuya ku-24 C) |
Umsuka nokusabalalisa
Ama-cichlids aseTexas azalwa emachibini nasemifuleni eningizimu yeTexas nasenyakatho yeMexico, okwenza kube yizinhlobo eziningi ezivela enyakatho ye-cichlid emhlabeni jikelele. Yiyona kuphela i-cichlid yase-US ephakathi ne-cichlids yokuqala eyongeniswa eYurophu, isingeniswa kuqala ngo-1912.
Okudumile ngaphakathi kokuzilibazisa kwe-aquarium, ama-cichlids aseTexas avame ukufakwa ezitolo eziningi, ngezinye izikhathi ngaphansi kwegama le-pearl cichlid noma i-perch Rio Grande. Igama lokugcina livela endaweni lapho kutholakala khona, iRio Grande River ephansi eTexas. EMexico, le nhlobo ibizwa ngokuthi mojarra del norte . Ama-specimens athengiswa ezitolo ngokuvamile avunyelwe ukuthunjwa.
Lezi zinhlobo ziye zafakwa ezindaweni ezingezona zendabuko, ngezinye izikhathi ngenhloso, kodwa ngokuvamile abanikazi be-aquarium bafuna ukuzihlukanisa nenhlanzi engakwazi ukunakekelwa. Izindawo zezindawo ezingezona ezomdabu ziqala kusukela enyakatho yeTexas kuya eFlorida, lapho sekuyizinhlanzi ezithandwa kakhulu.
Lokhu kungenxa yokudla okunambitheka okufana nalokho kwesihlobo sabo esikude, i-tilapia.
Kunezinhlobo zezinhlobo ezingezansi noma izinhlobo ze-hybrid ezisuka ku-cichlid yaseTexas. Inhlobo evame ukubhekwa ngokuthi i-cichlid yaseTexas ebomvu i-hybrid ye-Texas cichlid nezinhlobo ezivela ku-Amphilophus. Kucatshangwa ukuthi i-flowerhorn cichlid eyenziwe ngabantu eyenziwa ngabantu abaningi ibuye ibe nesiphambano esenziwe ngokusebenzisa i-cichlid yaseTexas.
Imibala Nokumaketha
Ama-cichlids aseTexas ayinhlanzi enkulu futhi enobudlova engakwazi ukufinyelela ezinyaweni ezide, nakuba iningi elithengiswa emakethe ye-aquarium lithola ubukhulu bomuntu omdala obuncane kunalokho. Umzimba walezi zinhlobo i-pearl-grey nge-blue-to-hued scals scales eziveza ukubonakala kwamacwecwe ama-iridescent amancane, enikeza elinye lamagama ajwayelekile e-pearl cichlid. Ukucacisa kwe-iridescent kufinyelela emaphethweni. Indawo ebumnyama ibonakala ngokucacile phansi komsila, futhi amanye amabala noma imigoqo eminye ingaphakathi emzimbeni.
Abesilisa abavuthiwe bathuthukisa i-hump bendabuko yendabuko ekhanda ngaphezulu kwamehlo. Uma iveza, inhlanzi iqala isigamu esinqabileyo nesigamu, kanti ingxenye yangaphambili yomzimba iba mhlophe, kanti ngemuva nangemuva kungumnyama, noma kumnyama nogrey kuvinjelwe.
Ama-tankmates
Ama-cichlids aseTexas ahlukumezekile, okumele agcinwe engqondweni lapho ekhetha izilwane zasolwandle. Kufanele kugcinwe kuphela nezinye izinhlobo ezinkulu zezinhlanzi ezikwazi ukuzimela. Uma kuvela, akufanele kugcinwe nganoma iyiphi enye inhlanzi, njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi ingabulala noma iyiphi enye inhlanzi kuleli tangi. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ngisho nangokwezinhlobo zabo, njengoba izibini ezizala zihlukumeza kakhulu.
Amanye ama-cichlids amakhulu aseCentral noma aseNingizimu Melika angama-tankmates afanelekayo, njengama- oscars , ama- dollar esiliva , namabhodlela we-tinfoil. Uma kugcinwe nezinye izinhlobo ezinkulu, itanki kufanele ibe mkhulu ngangokunokwenzeka ukuvumela indawo ngayinye ukuba ibe nensimu yawo.
Indawo yokuhlala yaseTexas ne-Care
Uma ucubungula usayizi we-tank, ukukhula okukhulu kuhlale kungcono kulezi zinhlobo. Usayizi obuncane wamathangi ngamagremu angu-55 ngesampula esisodwa kanye namagremu angama-75 ngezinjongo zokuzalanisa. Uma ugcina ama-cichlids aseTexas namanye amahlanzi amakhulu, itanki kufanele libe ngamagremu angu-125 noma ngaphezulu. Noma ngubani ogcine le nhlanzi uyazi kahle ukuthi ukuzama ukukhipha itanki elihle kakhulu elingaphansi kwezilwane kuyinqola elahlekile ngoba le nhlanzi iwumgogodla ovuthayo ozoqothula izitshalo nokuhambisa amatshe amancane nezinye izinto zokuhlobisa. Lokho akusho ukuthi ithangi kufanele lingabi nezitshalo noma yini enye, kodwa qaphela ukuthi lizohlelwa kabusha njalo ngesikhathi sezinhlanzi.
Ukuze uthole amanzi, kungcono ukulingisa indawo yabo yemvelo. Qala nge- substrate yegrivel noma isanti elihle, elifaka imibhede emifula emifuleni yendawo yakubo. Faka phakathi amatshe amaningi ashelelezi, ama-bogwood, noma ama-driftwood. I-Driftwood nayo inenzuzo ekugcineni amanzi pH asheshe futhi acidic. Izitshalo eziqinile zizungeze indawo. Zitshale ngakho izimpande zingenakufinyeleleka, ukuvimbela ukuba zingasuswa. Izitshalo ezinamanzi nazo ziyindlela enhle. Kuvulwa izikhala, kodwa ngakho-ke kukhona okufihlekile izindawo zokufihla. Amadwala amakhulu kanye nezimbiza zobumba zingasetshenziswa kule njongo.
Ukuhlunga kufanele kube okunamandla, njengoba lezi zinhlobo zizwela ukudoba okuphilayo. Yenza izinguquko zamanzi ezinqunywe ngamasonto onke ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amakhemikhali amanzi ahlala kahle. Ama-cichlids aseTexas awabekezelela izinga lokushisa kwamanzi apholile, kusuka ku-68 kuya ku-75 F (20 kuya ku-24 C), nakuba izinga lokushisa eliphakeme libekezelela kahle. I-pH kufanele ibe ne-acidic kancane yokungathathi hlangothi, futhi ubulukhuni bamanzi kufanele bube kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-12 dGH.
Ukudla kwe-Texas Cichlid
Lezi zinhlobo zine-omnivorous futhi zidinga kokubili ukudla okudla okunomzimba okulinganiselwe nezimila. Abayena abadli be-fussy futhi bayodla cishe noma yini, kuhlanganise nokuphila, efriziwe, i-flake, nokudla okuphefumlelwe. Nikeza ukudla okubukhoma uma kunokwenzeka, njengezibungu nezinambuzane noma izibungu zezinambuzane. Imifino emisha ingadliwa futhi, kanye nama-flaulina ama-flakes noma ama-pellets ukuze imibala yabo yemvelo ikhanyise futhi igcine impilo.
Izingxabano zobulili
Ukungafani ngokocansi akubonakali ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokucacile. Kodwa-ke, abesilisa bavame ukukhanya ngombala kanye ne-iridescence, bakhule amasentimitha ambalwa ngobukhulu, futhi bakhulise i-hump ehamba phambili ekhanda labo. Kuye kwaphawula nokuthi amaphiko abesilisa abhekiswe isikhathi eside futhi ngaphezulu. Enye indlela yokukhetha ama-female specimens ngamabala amnyama atholakale ekupheleni kwawo okungekho emasimini esilisa.
Ukuzala kwe-Texas Cichlid
Ama-cichlids aseTexas ayenamandla, ama-egg-laying, abavuli abavulekile, okulula ukuzala. Amanzi ku-tank yokuzalanisa kumele athambekele emzimbeni oqinile (5-12 dGH), pH engekho (7.0) naphakathi kuka-77 kuya ku-82 F (25 kuya ku-28 C).
Ukuhlobisa ngamadwala amakhulu noma izimbiza zobumba ukuze unikeze indawo yokukhetha izindawo zokuzala.
Izitholambili zokubeletha zitholakala ngokuthenga iqembu lezinhlanzi ezincane eziningana. Vumela ukuba bakhule baze bavuthwe ndawonye, futhi amaqembu azokwakha. Uma ngabe umbhangqwana usungule, kufanele bahlukaniswe ukuze bavimbele ekuhlaseleni, noma ekubulaleni, omunye nomunye. Isimo ababelethi abanokudla okuphilayo, uma kunokwenzeka, noma ukudla okuneqhwa elihle. Lapho lo mbhangqwana usulungele ukuzala, imibala yabo izoshintsha ngokuphawulekayo. Inhloko nengxenye yangaphambili yezinhlanzi izoba mhlophe, kanti isisu, kanye nengxenye yangemuva yezinhlanzi, kuyoba mnyama. Ukuthintana okusebenzayo kwenzeka, lapho lo mbhangqwana uzokhiya izindebe, ukushaya imisila, bese ugoba ku-substrate.
Ngemuva kokuhlanza indawo ekhethiwe yokuzala, owesifazane uzobeka amaqanda okunamathisela ama-500 kuya ku-1 000. Lokhu kwenzeka ezinhlangothini eziningana nendoda elandela owesifazane ukufaka amaqanda emva kokufaka. Abazali bayoqapha amaqanda, ahlasele ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. I-Fry izoba ibhuku lokubhukuda mahhala ngosuku lwesine noma emihlanu. Abalimi abangenalwazi ngezinye izikhathi bayodla izingane zabo, kodwa ngeke benze kanjalo ekuzalweni okulandelayo.
I-Fry izokwamukela ama-shrimp asanda kushaywa noma amasha noma amaqhwa. Esikhundleni sezinhlanzi ze-brine, ukudla okuphekwe ngokudoba kungasetshenziswa. Njengoba i-fry ikhula, ukudla okunamafutha e-flake okuphefumula kunganikezwa futhi ekugcineni kube ngamapulangwe amancane.
Izinhlanzi eziningi zezinhlanzi ezibizwa ngokuthi i-Pet Fish
Uma ama-cichlids aseTexas ecela kuwe, futhi unesithakazelo kunhlanzi ethile ehambisanayo ye-aquarium yakho, funda ku:
Hlola amaphrofayili amaningi okudoba izinhlanzi ukuze uthole ulwazi oluthe xaxa kwezinye izinhlanzi zamanzi ahlanzekile.