Kungenzeka ukuthi uzwile ngezidakamizwa, kodwa uyayiqonda lesi sifo? Uyazi ukuthi kungani izinja zidinga ngokomthetho ukugonywa ngezidakamizwa ezindaweni eziningi? Njengomnikazi wendoda enomthwalo wemfanelo, kubalulekile ukuthi ukwazi ukuthi kungani umuthi wokugoma we-rabies ubaluleke kakhulu. Funda ukuthi i-rabies ingathinta kanjani izilwane ezifuywayo kanye nomndeni wakho.
Kuyini amaRabi?
Ama-rabi yisifo esibi kakhulu segciwane lesandulela ngculaza esitholakala ezincelisayo eziphazamisa kakhulu isimiso sezinzwa zomphakathi, okuholela ekufeni.
AmaRabi yisifo se- zoonotic esivame ukudluliselwa ngokulunywa ezilwaneni ezigciwane. Iningi lamacala abikiwe libandakanya izilwane zasendle ezinjengama-bats, ama-raccoons, nama-skunks, kodwa izilwane ezifuywayo ezifana nezinja namakati nazo zisengozini. Abantu bahlukunyezwa ngokufanayo ne- virus ye-rabies uma bethwa yisilwane esiphelele. Uma sekuvele izimpawu, amaRabi asondela njalo ebulalayo. Ukufa ngokuvamile kubangaphansi kwesonto emva kokuqala kwezibonakaliso.
Ukukhishwa kwamaRabi
I-virus ye-rabies isakazwa ngendlala yesilwane esidlwengula igciwane, noma isingathwa. Ukuxhumana ngamehlo, impumulo noma umlomo kungadlulisa igciwane, kodwa lezi zimo azivamile. Ukulunywa kumngane kuyindlela evame kakhulu futhi evamile yokuba isilwane noma umuntu asebenze nge-rabies. Umthamo osulelekile uhamba phakathi kwemizwa kanye nomgogodla oya emqondweni. Leli gciwane lifaka emzimbeni amaviki amathathu kuya kwangu-8 (kuye ngokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo), kungekho zibonakaliso zesifo esikhona manje.
Uma ubuchopho buphethwe yi-rabies, igciwane liphindaphinda futhi lisakazeka ezindlini ze-salivary futhi izimpawu ze-rabies zivela.
Izimpawu zamaRabi
Izimpawu zamarabi zivame ukuhluka, izinja ezikhuthele kungenzeka zingabonisi zonke izimpawu. Izimpawu zokuqala zihlanganisa ukuguquka kokuziphatha kanye nobuntu, ukwesaba, ukukhathazeka, amahloni, ukuhoxiswa kubantu nakwezinye izilwane, nokukhokha indawo yesilonda sokulunywa ekuqaleni.
Izimpawu zithuthuka ekungeneni, ekuthungeni, nasekuziphatheni izinto ezibukekayo nemisindo. Lokhu kuholela ekuhlukuneni okugcwele, bese kuphazanyiswa, kulandela ukuqubuka. Izinja zingase zibhekane nokukhubazeka endaweni ekhanda nentamo. Lokhu kubangela ukungakwazi ukugwinya, okuholela ekutheni kube ngokweqile, noma "ukuqhuma emlonyeni," nokucindezeleka okuphefumula. Ngokudabukisayo, ukufa kulandela ngokushesha.
Ukuhlonza amaRabi
Indlela kuphela yokuthola ukuthi i- rabies inja yini ngokuqondile ngokuhlolwa kwe-anti-fluorescent (anti-antibody test) (i-dFA) ngokusebenzisa amasampula wezicubu zobuchopho ezingatholakala kuphela ngemva kokufa. Kubantu, ukuhlolwa okuningi okubanzi kungenziwa ngamasampula wamathe, igazi, izinwele, nesikhumba, kodwa lezi azizona zonke izilwane, futhi azikho izilwane. Ukuxilongwa kwezilwane eziphilayo kuyadala futhi kusekelwe ezimpawu zomtholampilo nomlando wesineke. Ezilwaneni ezifuywayo eziye zahlushwa izidakamizwa, kungadingeka ukuthi isikhathi sokuhlukanisa singadingekile ukubuka izibonakaliso zesifo, ikakhulukazi ezifuywayo ezingavunyelwe. Izifuywayo ezingenamlando wokugoma zivame ukuhlanganiswa.
Ukwelashwa kwamaRabi
Ngeshwa, akukho ukwelashwa noma ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kwama-rabies. Izilwane ezinezibonakaliso ezicacile neziphambili ze-rabies kumele zithuthukiswe. Lokhu ukugwema ukuhlupheka okungadingekile esilwaneni futhi ukuvimbela ukudluliselwa kwesifo kwabesilisa nakwezinye izilwane.
Abantu abavezwe e-rabies kudingeka badonwe umuthi okuthiwa i-postexposure prophylaxis (i-PEP), uchungechunge lwemijovo ehlanganisa i-immune globulin kanye nomuthi wokulwa ne-rabies. I-PEP ayiphumeli kubantu ngemva kokuphawula. Njengezilwane, ama-rabies cishe abulala njalo lapho izibonakaliso zivela. Ukunakekelwa okusekelayo kuyona kuphela okukhethwa kukho kuleli phuzu.
Ukuvimbela amaRabi
Ukuvimbela kuyisihluthulelo uma kuziwa ngama-rabies. Ngenhlanhla, kubuye kube lula. Okokuqala futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, izinja nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo kufanele zithole imithi yokugoma i-rabies . Umuthi wokugoma wama-rabies wendabuko wanikezwa izinja kanye ngonyaka. Inzalo ekunciphiseni imvamisa yokugoma iholele ekuthuthukiseni umuthi wokugoma wama-rabies weminyaka emithathu . Khuluma ne-vet yakho mayelana nezinketho zakho bese uthola ukuthi umthetho wendawo yakho ubekaphi igunya.
Imishanguzo yamaRabi nayo itholakala kubantu, nakuba le protocol iyanzima kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, umgomo uvame ukunikezwa kuphela kubantu abasebenza nezilwane ezifuywayo noma izilwane zasendle, noma labo abaya ezindaweni ezibeka ingozi enkulu yokuchayeka. Abantu abaye bathola umgomo bazobe besadingeka i-PEP ngemuva kokuvezwa kwezidakamizwa.
Ngokulandela ukugoma, ukunciphisa ukuvezwa kuyindlela engcono yokuvimbela ama-rabies. Ungavumeli inja yakho ukuba ihambe ingaboni, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezikhuni lapho izilwane zasendle zihlangana khona. Gcina inja yakho ku-leash, futhi ugweme ukusebenzisana nezilwane ezingaziwa. Uma inja yakho ithola isilwane , bheka i-vet yakho ngokushesha.
Ukuvimbela ama-rabies kubantu kubaluleke kakhulu. Funda mayelana nokuvimbela inja futhi ufundise izingane zakho ukuthi ziqaphe kanjani. Ukubamba abantu kufanele kuhanjiswe ngokushesha udokotela.
Uma kwenzeka i-bite, zama konke okusemandleni akho ukuze uthole ulwazi oluningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngesilwane esonakele, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isilwane sesilwane sisilwane noma umuntu. Uma i-biter yayisilwane sesilwane somuntu, thola ulwazi lwazo lokuxhumana bese uthola ngomlando wokugoma kanye nokuvezwa kokudlulela esikhathini esedlule. Uma bekuyizilwane zasendle, ngeke ukwazi ukuthola okuningi ngaphandle kokuba leso silwane sasendle sife. Noma yikuphi, iziphathimandla zendawo kufanele zaziswe ngesimo.
Naphezu kokuthi i-rabies virus iyingozi nokuthi iyingozi kangakanani, iyakwazi ukugwema kalula. Khumbula: ukugoma izilwane ezifuywayo bese unciphisa ukuchayeka kwabo nokwakho. Zivikele ngolwazi ukugcina wonke umndeni wakho uphephile, izilwane ezifuywayo kanye nabantu ngokufanayo.